{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3158304940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9411989","title":"Cross-People Mobile-Phone Based Airwriting Character Recognition","display_name":"Cross-People Mobile-Phone Based Airwriting Character Recognition","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3158304940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9411989","mag":"3158304940"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9411989","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9411989","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101919549","display_name":"Yunzhe Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5073-5561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100789","display_name":"Wuhan College","ror":"https://ror.org/01dashf18","country_code":"CN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100789"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111616","display_name":"Wuhan Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/0282ggx30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111616"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunzhe Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hongyi Honor College, Wuhan University,Wuhan,China","Hongyi Honor College, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hongyi Honor College, Wuhan University,Wuhan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100789","https://openalex.org/I37461747","https://openalex.org/I4210111616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hongyi Honor College, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101627223","display_name":"Zheng Hui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0513-9389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100789","display_name":"Wuhan College","ror":"https://ror.org/01dashf18","country_code":"CN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100789"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111616","display_name":"Wuhan Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/0282ggx30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111616"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hongyi Honor College, Wuhan University,Wuhan,China","Hongyi Honor College, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hongyi Honor College, Wuhan University,Wuhan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100789","https://openalex.org/I37461747","https://openalex.org/I4210111616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hongyi Honor College, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102741040","display_name":"He Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0103-220X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100789","display_name":"Wuhan College","ror":"https://ror.org/01dashf18","country_code":"CN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100789"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111616","display_name":"Wuhan Business University","ror":"https://ror.org/0282ggx30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111616"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hongyi Honor College, Wuhan University,Wuhan,China","Hongyi Honor College, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hongyi Honor College, Wuhan University,Wuhan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100789","https://openalex.org/I37461747","https://openalex.org/I4210111616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hongyi Honor College, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074448137","display_name":"Haojun Ai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4172-5070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haojun Ai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University,Wuhan,China","School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University,Wuhan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101717139","display_name":"Xiaowei Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5065-6214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowei Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University,Wuhan,China","School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University,Wuhan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.658,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6852815,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3027","last_page":"3033"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.771960973739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-phone","display_name":"Mobile phone","score":0.6750171184539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6361113786697388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5792493224143982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5773124694824219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5496715307235718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5456904768943787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5132617950439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.4865838289260864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.43601012229919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.42680051922798157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4203999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.4169909358024597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.37551549077033997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3700815439224243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2382291853427887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1368408203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13252678513526917}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.771960973739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777421447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Mobile phone","level":2,"score":0.6750171184539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6361113786697388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5792493224143982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5773124694824219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5496715307235718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5456904768943787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5132617950439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.4865838289260864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.43601012229919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.42680051922798157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4203999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.4169909358024597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.37551549077033997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3700815439224243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2382291853427887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1368408203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13252678513526917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9411989","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9411989","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565327149","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1974588631","https://openalex.org/W2068972050","https://openalex.org/W2080116634","https://openalex.org/W2081018036","https://openalex.org/W2159291411","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2214409633","https://openalex.org/W2288593048","https://openalex.org/W2294609343","https://openalex.org/W2327514009","https://openalex.org/W2342966107","https://openalex.org/W2343424255","https://openalex.org/W2548080981","https://openalex.org/W2587423462","https://openalex.org/W2782808446","https://openalex.org/W2790404194","https://openalex.org/W2793888044","https://openalex.org/W2897768609","https://openalex.org/W2905901739","https://openalex.org/W2926969098","https://openalex.org/W2931771203","https://openalex.org/W2943952292","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W2951670162","https://openalex.org/W2963275094","https://openalex.org/W2964278684","https://openalex.org/W2977455257","https://openalex.org/W2986138325","https://openalex.org/W2990303673","https://openalex.org/W2999040843","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4299518610","https://openalex.org/W6685415078","https://openalex.org/W6697042369","https://openalex.org/W6713955831"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3162204513","https://openalex.org/W2371138613","https://openalex.org/W2048963458","https://openalex.org/W43109613","https://openalex.org/W2359952343","https://openalex.org/W3034529322","https://openalex.org/W2239445980","https://openalex.org/W2113597336","https://openalex.org/W2080152487","https://openalex.org/W3083152911"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Airwriting":[0],"using":[1],"mobile":[2,64,71],"phones":[3],"has":[4],"many":[5],"applications":[6],"in":[7],"human-computer":[8],"interaction.":[9],"However,":[10],"the":[11,29,58,75,98,111,115,119,125,175,183,224],"recognition":[12,154,189],"of":[13,19,97,114,151,158,177,218,229],"airwriting":[14,188],"character":[15],"needs":[16],"a":[17,36,80,196],"lot":[18],"training":[20],"data":[21,50],"from":[22,35,118],"user,":[23],"which":[24,106,194],"brings":[25],"great":[26],"difficulties":[27],"to":[28,69,109,133,185],"pratical":[30],"application.":[31],"The":[32,49,140,211],"model":[33],"learnt":[34],"specific":[37],"person":[38],"often":[39],"cannot":[40],"yield":[41],"satisfied":[42],"results":[43,142],"when":[44],"used":[45],"on":[46,160],"another":[47],"person.":[48],"gap":[51],"between":[52,165],"people":[53],"is":[54,107,182,195,207],"mainly":[55],"caused":[56],"by":[57,210],"following":[59],"factors:":[60],"personal":[61],"writing":[62],"styles,":[63],"phone":[65],"sensors,":[66],"and":[67,89,136,155,172,215,223],"ways":[68],"hold":[70],"phones.":[72],"To":[73,174],"address":[74],"cross-people":[76,187],"problem,":[77],"we":[78,100,123],"propose":[79],"deep":[81],"neural":[82,87],"network(DNN)":[83],"that":[84,144],"combines":[85],"convolutional":[86],"network(CNN)":[88],"bilateral":[90],"long":[91],"short-term":[92],"memory(BLSTM).":[93],"In":[94],"each":[95],"layer":[96,105],"network,":[99],"also":[101],"add":[102],"an":[103,149,156],"AdaBN":[104,121],"able":[108],"increase":[110],"generalization":[112],"ability":[113],"DNN.":[116],"Different":[117],"original":[120],"method,":[122],"explore":[124],"feasibility":[126],"for":[127,153,162],"semi-supervised":[128],"learning.":[129],"We":[130],"implement":[131,186],"it":[132],"our":[134,145,178,180],"design":[135],"conduct":[137],"comprehensive":[138],"experiments.":[139],"evaluation":[141],"show":[143],"system":[146],"can":[147],"achieve":[148],"accuracy":[150],"99%":[152],"improvement":[157],"10%":[159],"average":[161],"transfer":[163],"learning":[164],"various":[166],"factors":[167],"such":[168],"as":[169],"people,":[170],"devices":[171],"postures.":[173],"best":[176],"knowledge,":[179],"work":[181,206],"first":[184],"via":[190],"motion":[191],"sensor":[192],"signal,":[193],"fundamental":[197],"step":[198],"towards":[199],"ubiquitous":[200],"sensing":[201],"<sup":[202],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[203],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">11</sup>":[204],"This":[205],"partially":[208],"supported":[209],"National":[212,225],"Key":[213],"Research":[214],"Development":[216],"Program":[217],"China":[219],"(Grant":[220],"No.":[221,231],"2016YFB0502201),":[222],"Natural":[226],"Science":[227],"Foundation":[228],"China(Grant":[230],"61971316)..":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
