{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2805653762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2018.8546030","title":"Multiple Manifolds Metric Learning with Application to Image Set Classification","display_name":"Multiple Manifolds Metric Learning with Application to Image Set Classification","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2805653762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2018.8546030","mag":"2805653762"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2018.8546030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2018.8546030","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 24th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100642377","display_name":"Rui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9984-1752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087450445","display_name":"Xiao\u2010Jun Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0310-5778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Jun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010775700","display_name":"Kaixuan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3904-0395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai-Xuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028209738","display_name":"Josef Kittler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8110-9205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josef Kittler","raw_affiliation_strings":["CVSSp, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CVSSp, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100642377"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3791,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86017779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"627","last_page":"632"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12647","display_name":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Studies","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-manifold","display_name":"Statistical manifold","score":0.6621891260147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/riemannian-geometry","display_name":"Riemannian geometry","score":0.6275442838668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manifold","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","score":0.6065881252288818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.6050832271575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5637192726135254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5441370010375977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.5431621670722961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/riemannian-manifold","display_name":"Riemannian manifold","score":0.5113143920898438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5075634717941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.47457316517829895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hilbert-manifold","display_name":"Hilbert manifold","score":0.4679739773273468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4455031454563141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.43208399415016174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.4132648706436157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-geometry","display_name":"Information geometry","score":0.4108507037162781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hilbert-space","display_name":"Hilbert space","score":0.3731677532196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3609139323234558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.2567293345928192}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169391604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604402","display_name":"Statistical manifold","level":5,"score":0.6621891260147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181104567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q761383","display_name":"Riemannian geometry","level":2,"score":0.6275442838668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529865628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790740","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","level":2,"score":0.6065881252288818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6050832271575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5637192726135254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5441370010375977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.5431621670722961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779593128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q632814","display_name":"Riemannian manifold","level":2,"score":0.5113143920898438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5075634717941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.47457316517829895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147493315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3554824","display_name":"Hilbert manifold","level":3,"score":0.4679739773273468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4455031454563141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43208399415016174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.4132648706436157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109546454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798604","display_name":"Information geometry","level":4,"score":0.4108507037162781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62799726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190056","display_name":"Hilbert space","level":2,"score":0.3731677532196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3609139323234558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.2567293345928192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12520029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147161","display_name":"Scalar curvature","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2018.8546030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2018.8546030","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 24th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4770326006","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N007743/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G764753648","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R018456/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W566612420","https://openalex.org/W1922045146","https://openalex.org/W1928812244","https://openalex.org/W1983496390","https://openalex.org/W1986964250","https://openalex.org/W1996939238","https://openalex.org/W2021340975","https://openalex.org/W2041657594","https://openalex.org/W2045512849","https://openalex.org/W2066986622","https://openalex.org/W2110599581","https://openalex.org/W2122691893","https://openalex.org/W2126017757","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2137894166","https://openalex.org/W2142040002","https://openalex.org/W2144093206","https://openalex.org/W2150600350","https://openalex.org/W2158225132","https://openalex.org/W2187483593","https://openalex.org/W2293500398","https://openalex.org/W2517500902","https://openalex.org/W2745398842","https://openalex.org/W2962772276","https://openalex.org/W2963532276","https://openalex.org/W2963728031","https://openalex.org/W2964068264","https://openalex.org/W6615889216","https://openalex.org/W6676305975","https://openalex.org/W6680889708","https://openalex.org/W6696661715"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285286186","https://openalex.org/W4291625303","https://openalex.org/W4387297266","https://openalex.org/W2546668543","https://openalex.org/W2999284236","https://openalex.org/W2059474323","https://openalex.org/W2164995684","https://openalex.org/W2125003829","https://openalex.org/W2031609484","https://openalex.org/W4387724920"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,86],"image":[1,14,84],"set":[2],"classification,":[3],"a":[4,71,123],"considerable":[5],"advance":[6],"has":[7,114],"been":[8,46,97,115],"made":[9],"by":[10,16,54],"modeling":[11],"the":[12,27,55,79,82,92,101,150,153],"original":[13,83,102],"sets":[15],"second":[17],"order":[18,87],"statistics":[19],"or":[20],"linear":[21],"subspace,":[22],"which":[23,74],"typically":[24],"lie":[25],"on":[26,48,66,134],"Riemannian":[28,67,94,103],"manifold.":[29],"Specifically,":[30],"they":[31],"are":[32],"Symmetric":[33],"Positive":[34],"Definite":[35],"(SPD)":[36],"manifold":[37,40],"and":[38,42,146],"Grassmann":[39],"respectively,":[41],"some":[43],"algorithms":[44],"have":[45,96],"developed":[47],"them":[49],"for":[50,64,128],"classification":[51,141],"tasks.":[52],"Motivated":[53],"inability":[56],"of":[57,81,152],"existing":[58],"methods":[59],"to":[60,88,99,117,138],"extract":[61],"discriminatory":[62],"features":[63,80],"data":[65],"manifolds,":[68,91],"we":[69],"propose":[70],"novel":[72],"algorithm":[73],"combines":[75],"multiple":[76],"manifolds":[77],"as":[78],"sets.":[85],"fuse":[89],"these":[90,119],"well-studied":[93],"kernels":[95],"utilized":[98],"map":[100],"spaces":[104,121],"into":[105,122],"high":[106],"dimensional":[107,125],"Hilbert":[108],"spaces.":[109],"A":[110],"metric":[111],"Learning":[112],"method":[113],"devised":[116],"embed":[118],"kernel":[120],"lower":[124],"common":[126],"subspace":[127],"classification.":[129],"The":[130],"state-of-the-art":[131],"results":[132],"achieved":[133],"three":[135],"datasets":[136],"corresponding":[137],"two":[139],"different":[140],"tasks,":[142],"namely":[143],"face":[144],"recognition":[145],"object":[147],"categorization,":[148],"demonstrate":[149],"effectiveness":[151],"proposed":[154],"method.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-09T08:58:05.943551","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}