{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2609212810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2016.7900263","title":"A quad tree based method for blurred and non-blurred video text frames classification through quality metrics","display_name":"A quad tree based method for blurred and non-blurred video text frames classification through quality metrics","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2609212810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2016.7900263","mag":"2609212810"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2016.7900263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2016.7900263","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 23rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057592928","display_name":"Vijeta Khare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2952-0734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vijeta Khare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025871978","display_name":"Palaiahnakote Shivakumara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9026-4613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Palaiahnakote Shivakumara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026670559","display_name":"Ahlad Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2496-6275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahlad Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070805897","display_name":"Chee Seng Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7677-2865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chee Seng Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061696740","display_name":"Tong L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-5347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015278160","display_name":"Michael Blumenstien","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Blumenstien","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Technology, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Technology, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4023","last_page":"4028"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7442408800125122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7286646366119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.6738373637199402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.6326441764831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5632236003875732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-blur","display_name":"Motion blur","score":0.5269972681999207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5015897750854492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.4442346394062042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artifact","display_name":"Artifact (error)","score":0.4404467046260834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3369254469871521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23114356398582458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7442408800125122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7286646366119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.6738373637199402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.6326441764831543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5632236003875732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777708103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852589","display_name":"Motion blur","level":3,"score":0.5269972681999207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5015897750854492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4442346394062042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779010991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2720909","display_name":"Artifact (error)","level":2,"score":0.4404467046260834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3369254469871521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23114356398582458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2016.7900263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2016.7900263","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 23rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.lib.uts.edu.au:10453/126296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10453/126296","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401357","display_name":"UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","host_organization_name":"University of Technology Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Proceeding"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W618799001","https://openalex.org/W1493331862","https://openalex.org/W1964797636","https://openalex.org/W1998981432","https://openalex.org/W2007997259","https://openalex.org/W2008806374","https://openalex.org/W2037112354","https://openalex.org/W2071744321","https://openalex.org/W2092264651","https://openalex.org/W2097493704","https://openalex.org/W2102166818","https://openalex.org/W2104946622","https://openalex.org/W2106489855","https://openalex.org/W2132952954","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2135231474","https://openalex.org/W2136423906","https://openalex.org/W2142159465","https://openalex.org/W2144554289","https://openalex.org/W6650082011","https://openalex.org/W6652254765","https://openalex.org/W6675965468","https://openalex.org/W6681153094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W52840052","https://openalex.org/W3162837891","https://openalex.org/W1687852313","https://openalex.org/W3029243869","https://openalex.org/W2502336004","https://openalex.org/W1741504538","https://openalex.org/W4308623176","https://openalex.org/W2019696434","https://openalex.org/W2358078963","https://openalex.org/W2023249001"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Blur":[0],"is":[1],"a":[2,28,50,86,115],"common":[3],"artifact":[4],"in":[5,37,49,103,167],"video,":[6],"which":[7,90,140],"adds":[8],"more":[9],"complexity":[10],"to":[11,120,144],"text":[12,21,170,177],"detection":[13,22,171,178],"and":[14,23,34,47,98,101,157,162,172,179,183],"recognition.":[15],"To":[16,71,125],"achieve":[17],"good":[18],"accuracies":[19],"for":[20,31,53,78,123,160],"recognition,":[24],"this":[25],"paper":[26],"suggests":[27],"new":[29,51],"method":[30,113,166],"classifying":[32],"blurred":[33],"non-blurred":[35,142],"frames":[36],"video.":[38],"We":[39,55,148],"explore":[40,133],"quality":[41],"metrics,":[42,110],"namely,":[43,152],"BRISQUE,":[44],"NRIQA,":[45],"GPC":[46],"SI,":[48],"way":[52],"classification.":[54,124,185],"estimate":[56],"the":[57,63,73,92,107,111,118,127,164],"values":[58,77],"of":[59,65,94,109,169],"these":[60],"metrics":[61,119],"with":[62,137],"help":[64],"predefined":[66],"samples":[67],"called":[68],"reference":[69,100],"values.":[70],"widen":[72],"difference":[74],"between":[75,117],"metric":[76,93],"better":[79],"classification,":[80],"we":[81,132],"introduce":[82],"scaling":[83],"factors":[84],"as":[85],"non-linear":[87],"sigmoidal":[88],"function,":[89],"considers":[91],"each":[95],"current":[96],"frame":[97,128],"its":[99],"results":[102],"templates.":[104],"Based":[105],"on":[106],"characteristics":[108],"proposed":[112,165],"finds":[114],"relationship":[116],"derive":[121],"rules":[122,139],"classify":[126],"containing":[129],"local":[130,146],"blur,":[131],"quad":[134],"tree":[135],"division":[136],"classification":[138],"divide":[141],"blocks":[143],"identify":[145],"blur.":[147],"use":[149],"standard":[150],"databases,":[151],"ICDAR":[153,155],"2013,":[154],"2015":[156],"YVT":[158],"videos":[159],"experimentation,":[161],"evaluate":[163],"terms":[168],"recognition":[173],"rates":[174],"given":[175],"by":[176],"binarization":[180],"methods":[181],"before":[182],"after":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
