{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2121225788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761818","title":"A discriminative semi-Markov model for robust scene text recognition","display_name":"A discriminative semi-Markov model for robust scene text recognition","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2121225788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761818","mag":"2121225788"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2008.4761818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761818","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393916651","display_name":"Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition/Proceedings/International Conference on Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"1041-3278","issn":["1041-3278","1051-4651"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061152084","display_name":"Jerod Weinman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2247-8174"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173288447","display_name":"Grinnell College","ror":"https://ror.org/04tmmky42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173288447"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jerod J. Weinman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Grinnell College","Dept. of Comput. Sci., Grinnell Coll., IA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Grinnell College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173288447"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci., Grinnell Coll., IA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173288447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045674062","display_name":"Erik Learned-Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3778-9135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik Learned-Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst","Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113507560","display_name":"Allen R. Hanson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allen Hanson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst","Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061152084"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173288447"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2949,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73875803,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8153303861618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.7898669242858887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7805761098861694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lexicon","display_name":"Lexicon","score":0.7074338793754578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.644149661064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.6236394643783569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5902001261711121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viterbi-algorithm","display_name":"Viterbi algorithm","score":0.5829054117202759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.49241793155670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.47300153970718384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4663272202014923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.4619565010070801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.44329163432121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-segmentation","display_name":"Text segmentation","score":0.43862056732177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.42321497201919556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.07310006022453308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0689995288848877}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8153303861618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.7898669242858887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7805761098861694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778121359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8096","display_name":"Lexicon","level":2,"score":0.7074338793754578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.644149661064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.6236394643783569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5902001261711121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60582962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83886","display_name":"Viterbi algorithm","level":3,"score":0.5829054117202759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.49241793155670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.47300153970718384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4663272202014923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4619565010070801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.44329163432121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98501671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1948408","display_name":"Text segmentation","level":3,"score":0.43862056732177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.42321497201919556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.07310006022453308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0689995288848877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2008.4761818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761818","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393916651","display_name":"Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition/Proceedings/International Conference on Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"1041-3278","issn":["1041-3278","1051-4651"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.214.5893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.214.5893","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://figment.cse.usf.edu/~sfefilat/data/papers/WeBCT8.10.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.219.1754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.219.1754","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.grinnell.edu/~weinman/pubs/weinman08discriminative.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.363.3235","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.363.3235","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.grinnell.edu/~weinman/pubs/weinman08discriminativeNESCAI.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578856370","https://openalex.org/W1600276254","https://openalex.org/W1857926807","https://openalex.org/W1987973218","https://openalex.org/W2009389931","https://openalex.org/W2019446722","https://openalex.org/W2032756327","https://openalex.org/W2077916012","https://openalex.org/W2096497661","https://openalex.org/W2104626419","https://openalex.org/W2109812093","https://openalex.org/W2110648765","https://openalex.org/W2131673214","https://openalex.org/W2137857605","https://openalex.org/W2147800946","https://openalex.org/W2158188757","https://openalex.org/W6639073361","https://openalex.org/W6647172854","https://openalex.org/W6669621667","https://openalex.org/W6676483013","https://openalex.org/W6679774445","https://openalex.org/W6680397727","https://openalex.org/W6683226453"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136652457","https://openalex.org/W2169849734","https://openalex.org/W2116722627","https://openalex.org/W2129150969","https://openalex.org/W2236912844","https://openalex.org/W1975869217","https://openalex.org/W2401728283","https://openalex.org/W2383829109","https://openalex.org/W2379938888","https://openalex.org/W2386035178"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"a":[2,45,57],"semi-Markov":[3],"model":[4],"for":[5],"recognizing":[6],"scene":[7],"text":[8,27,77],"that":[9],"integrates":[10],"character":[11],"and":[12,29],"word":[13,36],"segmentation":[14,37],"with":[15,56],"recognition.":[16],"Using":[17],"wavelet":[18],"features,":[19],"it":[20,48],"requires":[21],"only":[22],"approximate":[23,63],"location":[24],"of":[25,74,81],"the":[26],"baseline":[28],"font":[30],"size;":[31],"no":[32],"binarization":[33],"or":[34],"prior":[35],"is":[38,42],"necessary.":[39],"Our":[40,67],"system":[41,68],"aided":[43],"by":[44],"lexicon,":[46,59],"yet":[47],"also":[49],"allows":[50],"non-lexicon":[51],"words.":[52],"To":[53],"facilitate":[54],"inference":[55],"large":[58],"we":[60],"use":[61],"an":[62],"Viterbi":[64],"beam":[65],"search.":[66],"performs":[69],"robustly":[70],"on":[71],"low-resolution":[72],"images":[73],"signs":[75],"containing":[76],"in":[78],"fonts":[79],"atypical":[80],"documents.":[82]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
