{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2123401774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761772","title":"Dunn’s cluster validity index as a contrast measure of VAT images","display_name":"Dunn’s cluster validity index as a contrast measure of VAT images","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2123401774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761772","mag":"2123401774"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2008.4761772","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761772","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393916651","display_name":"Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition/Proceedings/International Conference on Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"1041-3278","issn":["1041-3278","1051-4651"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060923133","display_name":"Timothy C. Havens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5746-3749"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy C. Havens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng.,, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng.,, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043324448","display_name":"James C. Bezdek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3901-7021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James C. Bezdek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng.,, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng.,, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018303984","display_name":"James M. Keller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0306-7142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James M. Keller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng.,, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng.,, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060329217","display_name":"Mihail Popescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6145-8096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mihail Popescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng.,, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng.,, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9659000039100647,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9595000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.740944504737854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","score":0.6841251254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.6730823516845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.6496981978416443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conjunction","display_name":"Conjunction (astronomy)","score":0.5944110155105591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5637875199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4328894317150116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3205408453941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26204919815063477}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.740944504737854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.6841251254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.6730823516845703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.6496981978416443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59656382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191536","display_name":"Conjunction (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.5944110155105591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5637875199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4328894317150116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3205408453941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26204919815063477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2008.4761772","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761772","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393916651","display_name":"Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition/Proceedings/International Conference on Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"1041-3278","issn":["1041-3278","1051-4651"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508853606","https://openalex.org/W1971784203","https://openalex.org/W1990368529","https://openalex.org/W2012875932","https://openalex.org/W2017927472","https://openalex.org/W2153164850","https://openalex.org/W2169698116","https://openalex.org/W2170590171","https://openalex.org/W2319660501"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1573992054","https://openalex.org/W1599690842","https://openalex.org/W2753053412","https://openalex.org/W2665157442","https://openalex.org/W3108840034","https://openalex.org/W4388169484","https://openalex.org/W2363259562","https://openalex.org/W3036937347","https://openalex.org/W3149224203","https://openalex.org/W2914339338"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,46],"paper":[1],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,6,32,52],"relationship":[4],"between":[5],"visual":[7],"assessment":[8],"of":[9,34,55],"cluster":[10,16,38],"tendency":[11,39],"(VAT)":[12],"algorithm":[13],"and":[14,57],"Dunnpsilas":[15,44],"validity":[17],"index.":[18,45],"We":[19],"present":[20],"an":[21],"analytical":[22],"comparison":[23],"in":[24,36],"conjunction":[25],"with":[26],"numerical":[27],"examples":[28],"to":[29,43,50],"demonstrate":[30],"that":[31,65],"effectiveness":[33],"VAT":[35,56],"showing":[37],"is":[40,48],"directly":[41],"related":[42],"analysis":[47],"important":[49],"understanding":[51],"underlying":[53],"theory":[54],"VAT-based":[58],"algorithms":[59,64],"and,":[60],"more":[61],"generally,":[62],"other":[63],"are":[66],"based":[67],"on,":[68],"or":[69],"similar":[70],"to,":[71],"Primpsilas":[72],"Algorithm.":[73]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}