{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130608499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761546","title":"An evaluation survey of binarization algorithms on historical documents","display_name":"An evaluation survey of binarization algorithms on historical documents","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130608499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761546","mag":"2130608499"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2008.4761546","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393916651","display_name":"Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition/Proceedings/International Conference on Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"1041-3278","issn":["1041-3278","1051-4651"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025398846","display_name":"Pavlos Stathis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I147962203","display_name":"Democritus University of Thrace","ror":"https://ror.org/03bfqnx40","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I147962203"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pavlos Stathis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Image Processing and Multimedia Laboratory Department ofElectrical & Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Democritus Univ. of Thrace, Xanthi"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Image Processing and Multimedia Laboratory Department ofElectrical & Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147962203"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Democritus Univ. of Thrace, Xanthi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147962203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001210175","display_name":"Ergina Kavallieratou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2815-3477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98805295","display_name":"University of the Aegean","ror":"https://ror.org/03zsp3p94","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98805295"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ergina Kavallieratou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department ofInformation and Communication Systems Engineering, University of Aegean, Samos, Greece","Dept. of Information & Communication Systems Engineering, University of the Aegean, Karlovassi#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department ofInformation and Communication Systems Engineering, University of Aegean, Samos, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98805295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information & Communication Systems Engineering, University of the Aegean, Karlovassi#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98805295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109991926","display_name":"Nikos Papamarkos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2730-0006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I147962203","display_name":"Democritus University of Thrace","ror":"https://ror.org/03bfqnx40","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I147962203"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikos Papamarkos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Image Processing and Multimedia Laboratory Department ofElectrical & Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Democritus Univ. of Thrace, Xanthi"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Image Processing and Multimedia Laboratory Department ofElectrical & Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147962203"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Democritus Univ. of Thrace, Xanthi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147962203"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025398846"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147962203"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.748,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9614561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.807963490486145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6154298782348633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historical-document","display_name":"Historical document","score":0.6056109070777893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-image-processing","display_name":"Document image processing","score":0.6007452011108398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5607565641403198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5561243891716003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4648422598838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4453592300415039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.24388596415519714}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.807963490486145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6154298782348633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778371909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771738","display_name":"Historical document","level":2,"score":0.6056109070777893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988504005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379942","display_name":"Document image processing","level":4,"score":0.6007452011108398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5607565641403198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5561243891716003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4648422598838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4453592300415039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.24388596415519714}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2008.4761546","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393916651","display_name":"Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition/Proceedings/International Conference on Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"1041-3278","issn":["1041-3278","1051-4651"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.214.1402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.214.1402","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://figment.cse.usf.edu/~sfefilat/data/papers/TuBCT10.26.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1547714734","https://openalex.org/W1600276254","https://openalex.org/W1622620102","https://openalex.org/W1963623641","https://openalex.org/W1971784203","https://openalex.org/W1978818813","https://openalex.org/W1984153831","https://openalex.org/W1998135526","https://openalex.org/W1998831124","https://openalex.org/W2005102418","https://openalex.org/W2008748102","https://openalex.org/W2017221995","https://openalex.org/W2019027165","https://openalex.org/W2021927783","https://openalex.org/W2039269145","https://openalex.org/W2066350139","https://openalex.org/W2082647352","https://openalex.org/W2083970667","https://openalex.org/W2084134149","https://openalex.org/W2092564322","https://openalex.org/W2115235609","https://openalex.org/W2117399786","https://openalex.org/W2121401617","https://openalex.org/W2127319406","https://openalex.org/W2128060444","https://openalex.org/W2132725786","https://openalex.org/W2133003941","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2141358266","https://openalex.org/W2159934666","https://openalex.org/W2166346717","https://openalex.org/W2319660501","https://openalex.org/W3017143921","https://openalex.org/W6635900570"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975383682","https://openalex.org/W2559984738","https://openalex.org/W2181567243","https://openalex.org/W2132886386","https://openalex.org/W2004420716","https://openalex.org/W2787413509","https://openalex.org/W2183569493","https://openalex.org/W2563414700","https://openalex.org/W1994068766","https://openalex.org/W2184712341"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Document":[0],"binarization":[1,17,42,60,75,85,96],"is":[2,64],"an":[3,40],"active":[4],"research":[5],"area":[6],"for":[7,55],"many":[8,12],"years.":[9],"There":[10],"are":[11,102],"difficulties":[13],"associated":[14],"with":[15],"satisfactory":[16],"of":[18,25,58],"document":[19,48,59],"images":[20],"and":[21,69,100],"especially":[22],"in":[23,66],"cases":[24],"degraded":[26,47],"historical":[27],"documents.":[28],"In":[29],"this":[30],"paper,":[31],"we":[32,88],"try":[33],"to":[34,93],"answer":[35],"the":[36,56,84,90],"question":[37],"ldquohow":[38],"well":[39],"existing":[41,95],"algorithm":[43,76],"can":[44,70],"binarize":[45],"a":[46,52],"image?rdquo":[49],"We":[50],"propose":[51],"new":[53],"technique":[54,92],"validation":[57],"algorithms.":[61,97],"Our":[62],"method":[63],"simple":[65],"its":[67],"implementation":[68],"be":[71],"performed":[72],"on":[73],"any":[74],"since":[77],"it":[78],"doesnpsilat":[79],"require":[80],"anything":[81],"more":[82],"than":[83],"stage.":[86],"Then":[87],"apply":[89],"proposed":[91],"30":[94],"Experimental":[98],"results":[99],"conclusions":[101],"presented.":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
