{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2146472835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761536","title":"A cascade detector for text detection in natural scene images","display_name":"A cascade detector for text detection in natural scene images","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2146472835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761536","mag":"2146472835"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2008.4761536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393916651","display_name":"Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition/Proceedings/International Conference on Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"1041-3278","issn":["1041-3278","1051-4651"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046361506","display_name":"Muhammad Shehzad Hanif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6316-9677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150358","display_name":"Institut Syst\u00e8mes Intelligents et de Robotique","ror":"https://ror.org/05neq8668","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210150358","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shehzad Muhammad Hanif","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, FRE 2507, Institut des Syst\u00e8mes Intelligents et de Robotique, Paris, France","UPMC Universit Paris 06, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, FRE 2507, Institut des Syst\u00e8mes Intelligents et de Robotique, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150358","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UPMC Universit Paris 06, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045983846","display_name":"Lionel Pr\u00e9vost","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150358","display_name":"Institut Syst\u00e8mes Intelligents et de Robotique","ror":"https://ror.org/05neq8668","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210150358","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lionel Prevost","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, FRE 2507, Institut des Syst\u00e8mes Intelligents et de Robotique, Paris, France","UPMC Universit Paris 06, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, FRE 2507, Institut des Syst\u00e8mes Intelligents et de Robotique, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150358","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UPMC Universit Paris 06, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062944593","display_name":"Pablo Negri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0250-5208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150358","display_name":"Institut Syst\u00e8mes Intelligents et de Robotique","ror":"https://ror.org/05neq8668","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210150358","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Augusto Negri","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, FRE 2507, Institut des Syst\u00e8mes Intelligents et de Robotique, Paris, France","UPMC Universit Paris 06, Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, FRE 2507, Institut des Syst\u00e8mes Intelligents et de Robotique, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150358","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UPMC Universit Paris 06, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046361506"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210150358"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7469,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9630621,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.8034383058547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7083556056022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.6964752674102783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6685757637023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6253306269645691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5308868288993835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascade","display_name":"Cascade","score":0.5297642350196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.47373712062835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4403002858161926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant","display_name":"Discriminant","score":0.42755940556526184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0932253897190094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8034383058547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7083556056022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6964752674102783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6685757637023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6253306269645691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5308868288993835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34146451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048094","display_name":"Cascade","level":2,"score":0.5297642350196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.47373712062835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4403002858161926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78397625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192487","display_name":"Discriminant","level":2,"score":0.42755940556526184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0932253897190094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2008.4761536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2008.4761536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393916651","display_name":"Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition/Proceedings/International Conference on Pattern Recognition","issn_l":"1041-3278","issn":["1041-3278","1051-4651"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.214.551","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.214.551","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://figment.cse.usf.edu/~sfefilat/data/papers/TuBCT10.17.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978833809","https://openalex.org/W2042614532","https://openalex.org/W2112076978","https://openalex.org/W2131673214","https://openalex.org/W2146248127","https://openalex.org/W2149077040","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2165569569","https://openalex.org/W2166274584","https://openalex.org/W2555860637","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W6661260745","https://openalex.org/W6676769703","https://openalex.org/W6679774445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2153719181","https://openalex.org/W1971748923","https://openalex.org/W1566155057","https://openalex.org/W2060986072","https://openalex.org/W2052574922","https://openalex.org/W64588465","https://openalex.org/W3120641340","https://openalex.org/W2117825986","https://openalex.org/W3134067061","https://openalex.org/W2079855347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"a":[5,17,31],"text":[6,45,90],"detection":[7,12],"and":[8,22,58,69,89,97],"localization":[9],"method.":[10],"Our":[11],"technique":[13],"is":[14,82],"based":[15],"on":[16,84],"cascade":[18],"of":[19,34,40,44,71,104],"boosted":[20],"ensemble":[21],"localizer":[23],"uses":[24],"standard":[25],"image":[26],"processing":[27],"techniques.":[28],"We":[29],"propose":[30],"small":[32],"set":[33],"features":[35,68,72],"(39":[36],"in":[37,46,109],"total)":[38],"capable":[39],"detecting":[41],"various":[42],"type":[43],"grey":[47],"level":[48],"natural":[49],"scene":[50],"images.":[51],"Two":[52],"weak":[53,77],"learners,":[54],"linear":[55],"discriminant":[56],"function":[57],"log":[59],"likelihood-ratio":[60],"test":[61],"under":[62],"gaussian":[63],"assumption,":[64],"are":[65,73,95],"evaluated.":[66],"Single":[67],"combination":[70],"used":[74],"to":[75],"form":[76],"classifiers.":[78],"The":[79,93],"proposed":[80],"scheme":[81],"evaluated":[83],"ICDAR":[85],"2003":[86],"robust":[87],"reading":[88],"locating":[91],"database.":[92],"results":[94],"encouraging":[96],"the":[98],"detector":[99],"can":[100],"process":[101],"an":[102],"images":[103],"640":[105],"times":[106],"480":[107],"pixels":[108],"less":[110],"than":[111],"2":[112],"seconds.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}