{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2152549438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1048228","title":"Combining face verification experts","display_name":"Combining face verification experts","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2152549438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1048228","mag":"2152549438"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2002.1048228","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1048228","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071277191","display_name":"J. Czyz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Czyz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Telecommunication laboratory, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telecommunication laboratory, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028209738","display_name":"Josef Kittler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8110-9205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Kittler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000909128","display_name":"Luc Vandendorpe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4958-8848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Vandendorpe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Telecommunication laboratory, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telecommunication laboratory, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071277191"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0377,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94334816,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"28","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7925435900688171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.7119218707084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5685215592384338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5664249062538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.509566068649292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basis","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","score":0.5092295408248901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47728314995765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4207395315170288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4008691608905792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10674098134040833}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7925435900688171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.7119218707084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5685215592384338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5664249062538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.509566068649292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12426560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189569","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5092295408248901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47728314995765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4207395315170288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4008691608905792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10674098134040833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2002.1048228","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1048228","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.69.4781","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.69.4781","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.tele.ucl.ac.be/~czyz/papers/icpr.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.9.6709","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.9.6709","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.tele.ucl.ac.be/~czyz/./papers/icpr.ps","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1527240141","https://openalex.org/W1805888261","https://openalex.org/W2078566742","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2143784448","https://openalex.org/W2151540856","https://openalex.org/W2158275940","https://openalex.org/W2169504763","https://openalex.org/W6631618440","https://openalex.org/W6638236681"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1585007175","https://openalex.org/W2382521049","https://openalex.org/W2144385241","https://openalex.org/W4253593777","https://openalex.org/W2951497643","https://openalex.org/W3101625811","https://openalex.org/W2165950148","https://openalex.org/W2982283935","https://openalex.org/W2098693229","https://openalex.org/W2384651879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"study":[1],"the":[2,12,16,28,31,49,58],"combination":[3],"of":[4,30],"face":[5,18,61],"verification":[6,13],"algorithms":[7],"in":[8],"order":[9],"to":[10,37],"improve":[11],"performance.":[14],"Although":[15],"different":[17],"experts":[19],"that":[20],"we":[21],"consider":[22],"provide":[23],"their":[24,41],"output":[25],"scores":[26],"on":[27,57],"basis":[29],"same":[32],"image,":[33],"they":[34],"are":[35],"complementary":[36],"each":[38],"other":[39],"and":[40],"combination,":[42],"using":[43],"a":[44],"simple":[45],"sum":[46],"rule,":[47],"outperforms":[48],"best":[50],"individual":[51],"expert.":[52],"Our":[53],"experiments":[54],"were":[55],"conducted":[56],"standard":[59],"XM2VTS":[60],"database.":[62]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
