{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2108736454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1047999","title":"Factorized local appearance models","display_name":"Factorized local appearance models","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2108736454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1047999","mag":"2108736454"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2002.1047999","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1047999","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083027866","display_name":"B. Moghaddam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0046-0731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159266","display_name":"Mitsubishi Electric (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/053jnhe44","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306287861","https://openalex.org/I4210133125","https://openalex.org/I4210159266"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B. Moghaddam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159266"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047988362","display_name":"Xiang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7451-7190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Chicago, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Chicago, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225","https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083027866"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159266"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2694,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58942156,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"553","last_page":"556"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7312501668930054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.69066321849823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6509417295455933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.649429202079773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.538336455821991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-probability-distribution","display_name":"Joint probability distribution","score":0.5304182171821594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.48361697793006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplicative-function","display_name":"Multiplicative function","score":0.4777211844921112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4473068118095398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parametric-statistics","display_name":"Parametric statistics","score":0.43678250908851624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.43595266342163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-negative-matrix-factorization","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","score":0.4320105314254761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.4284188151359558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.4248822033405304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-neuroscience-of-visual-object-recognition","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","score":0.41437363624572754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parametric-model","display_name":"Parametric model","score":0.41092434525489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3477036654949188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-decomposition","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","score":0.32398661971092224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.28360462188720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08034756779670715}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7312501668930054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.69066321849823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6509417295455933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.649429202079773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.538336455821991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18653775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333358","display_name":"Joint probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.5304182171821594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.48361697793006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42747912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048447","display_name":"Multiplicative function","level":2,"score":0.4777211844921112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4473068118095398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.43678250908851624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.43595266342163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152671427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10843505","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","level":4,"score":0.4320105314254761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.4284188151359558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.4248822033405304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64876066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141226","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","level":3,"score":0.41437363624572754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24574437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7135228","display_name":"Parametric model","level":3,"score":0.41092434525489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3477036654949188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42355184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361088","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","level":3,"score":0.32398661971092224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.28360462188720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08034756779670715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2002.1047999","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1047999","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.10.1907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.10.1907","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.merl.com/papers/docs/TR2002-51.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.67.492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.67.492","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.merl.com/reports/docs/TR2002-051.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W191001584","https://openalex.org/W1480487340","https://openalex.org/W1773272891","https://openalex.org/W1917380066","https://openalex.org/W1984757472","https://openalex.org/W1996355918","https://openalex.org/W2015206503","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2099741732","https://openalex.org/W2111308925","https://openalex.org/W2124087378","https://openalex.org/W2128716185","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2166713160","https://openalex.org/W2168310177","https://openalex.org/W2620898487","https://openalex.org/W2914885528","https://openalex.org/W6684788920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2127243424","https://openalex.org/W2037504162","https://openalex.org/W4390394189","https://openalex.org/W2792706544","https://openalex.org/W1568451138","https://openalex.org/W2539013788","https://openalex.org/W2156699640","https://openalex.org/W2045265907","https://openalex.org/W2972997031","https://openalex.org/W2075222291"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"a":[2],"novel":[3],"local":[4,25],"appearance":[5,78],"modeling":[6,73],"method":[7],"for":[8],"object":[9],"detection":[10,86],"and":[11,32,61,75],"recognition":[12],"in":[13,80,85,91],"cluttered":[14,92],"scenes.":[15],"The":[16,39],"approach":[17],"is":[18],"based":[19],"on":[20],"the":[21,65],"joint":[22,52],"distribution":[23],"of":[24,87],"feature":[26],"vectors":[27],"at":[28],"multiple":[29],"salient":[30],"points":[31],"factorization":[33],"with":[34,69],"Independent":[35],"Component":[36],"Analysis":[37],"(ICA).":[38],"resulting":[40],"non-parametric":[41],"densities":[42,54],"are":[43],"simple":[44],"multiplicative":[45],"histograms.":[46],"This":[47],"leads":[48],"to":[49],"computationally":[50],"tractable":[51],"probability":[53],"which":[55],"can":[56],"model":[57,68],"high-order":[58],"dependencies.":[59],"Testing":[60],"evaluation":[62],"shows":[63],"that":[64],"factorized":[66],"density":[67],"spatial":[70],"encoding":[71],"improves":[72],"accuracy":[74],"outperforms":[76],"global":[77],"models":[79],"image/object":[81],"retrieval.":[82],"Furthermore,":[83],"experiments":[84],"substantially":[88],"occluded":[89],"objects":[90],"scenes":[93],"have":[94],"demonstrated":[95],"promising":[96],"results.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
