{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2152696939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1047983","title":"Locating characters in scene images using frequency features","display_name":"Locating characters in scene images using frequency features","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2152696939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1047983","mag":"2152696939"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2002.1047983","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1047983","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079634844","display_name":"Bong-Kee Sin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0102-0313"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bong-Kee Sin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Computer multimedia, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Computer multimedia, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087350067","display_name":"Seon\u2010Kyu Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4176-5187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8991828","display_name":"Pukyong National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0433kqc49","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seon-Kyu Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Telematics, Pukyong National University, busan, South Korea","Pukyong National University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Telematics, Pukyong National University, busan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pukyong National University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042655901","display_name":"Beom\u2010Joon Cho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152238500","display_name":"Chosun University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zt9a375","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beom-Joon Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Computer Engineering, Chosun University, Kwangju, South Korea","Chosun University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Computer Engineering, Chosun University, Kwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chosun University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"489","last_page":"492"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7397385239601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.720789909362793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7157325744628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hough-transform","display_name":"Hough transform","score":0.6805782914161682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6734479665756226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.5886302590370178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.572208821773529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5324535965919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","score":0.49301382899284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-detection","display_name":"Edge detection","score":0.4767259657382965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.47435081005096436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4706677198410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.4705515205860138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.45456910133361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4426797926425934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-frequency","display_name":"Spatial frequency","score":0.43564945459365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.40542712807655334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.298753023147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1710415780544281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1186738908290863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.09257712960243225}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7397385239601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.720789909362793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7157325744628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200518788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q195076","display_name":"Hough transform","level":3,"score":0.6805782914161682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6734479665756226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.5886302590370178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.572208821773529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5324535965919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.49301382899284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193536780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513153","display_name":"Edge detection","level":4,"score":0.4767259657382965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.47435081005096436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4706677198410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.4705515205860138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.45456910133361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4426797926425934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100921725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1650811","display_name":"Spatial frequency","level":2,"score":0.43564945459365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40542712807655334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.298753023147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1710415780544281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1186738908290863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.09257712960243225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2002.1047983","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1047983","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480779007","https://openalex.org/W1972774730","https://openalex.org/W1986926502","https://openalex.org/W2019273017","https://openalex.org/W2121839820","https://openalex.org/W2132122100","https://openalex.org/W2144294668","https://openalex.org/W2165401735","https://openalex.org/W2212237856","https://openalex.org/W2809573872","https://openalex.org/W6679460925","https://openalex.org/W6681218629","https://openalex.org/W6688042593"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030098947","https://openalex.org/W1974777989","https://openalex.org/W2363834444","https://openalex.org/W2003466055","https://openalex.org/W2070077862","https://openalex.org/W2765199790","https://openalex.org/W2164944168","https://openalex.org/W2326760703","https://openalex.org/W262984167","https://openalex.org/W2355177902"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,70],"(language-independent)":[4],"method":[5,16],"of":[6,18,31,51,62,67,87,89,104],"locating":[7,110],"rectangular":[8],"text":[9,52],"regions":[10],"in":[11,25,44,85,114],"natural":[12,98,115],"scene":[13,117],"images.":[14,118],"The":[15,48,65],"consists":[17],"two":[19],"steps":[20],"that":[21,77,101],"can":[22],"be":[23,107],"applied":[24],"succession":[26],"or":[27],"independently:":[28],"the":[29,41,45,60,63,93,102],"frequency":[30,43,49],"edge":[32],"pixels":[33],"across":[34],"vertical":[35],"and":[36,40,57],"horizontal":[37],"scan":[38],"lines,":[39],"fundamental":[42],"Fourier":[46],"domain.":[47],"feature":[50],"images":[53],"is":[54,59,73,97],"highly":[55],"intuitive,":[56],"this":[58],"focus":[61],"research.":[64],"detection":[66,103],"rectangles":[68,86,105],"using":[69],"Hough":[71],"transform":[72],"also":[74],"addressed.":[75],"Texts":[76],"are":[78],"meaningful":[79],"to":[80,92,99],"many":[81],"viewers":[82],"usually":[83],"appear":[84],"colours":[88],"high":[90],"contrast":[91],"background.":[94],"Hence":[95],"it":[96],"assume":[100],"may":[106],"helpful":[108],"for":[109],"desired":[111],"texts":[112],"correctly":[113],"outdoor":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
