{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2154970102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1044808","title":"A new shape transformation approach to handwritten character recognition","display_name":"A new shape transformation approach to handwritten character recognition","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2154970102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1044808","mag":"2154970102"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2002.1044808","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1044808","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063079827","display_name":"N. Liolios","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. Liolios","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Wire Communication Laboratory, University of Patras, Patras, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Wire Communication Laboratory, University of Patras, Patras, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001210175","display_name":"Ergina Kavallieratou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2815-3477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Kavallieratou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Wire Communication Laboratory, University of Patras, Patras, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Wire Communication Laboratory, University of Patras, Patras, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108443941","display_name":"Nikos Fakotakis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Fakotakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Wire Communication Laboratory, University of Patras, Patras, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Wire Communication Laboratory, University of Patras, Patras, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109036693","display_name":"G. Kokkinakis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Kokkinakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Wire Communication Laboratory, University of Patras, Patras, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Wire Communication Laboratory, University of Patras, Patras, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063079827"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8081,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7588991,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"584","last_page":"587"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.8088352680206299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7803152799606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.7660037279129028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.6841199398040771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-recognition","display_name":"Character recognition","score":0.6407636404037476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"Optical character recognition","score":0.6327507495880127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5987906455993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5559723377227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4535381495952606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3929065465927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.37588968873023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3665512204170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1401805579662323}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.8088352680206299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7803152799606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7660037279129028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.6841199398040771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.6407636404037476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546480517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Optical character recognition","level":3,"score":0.6327507495880127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5987906455993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5559723377227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4535381495952606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3929065465927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.37588968873023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3665512204170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1401805579662323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2002.1044808","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2002.1044808","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.109.7947","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.109.7947","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.icsd.aegean.gr/lecturers/kavallieratou/ICPR_2002_2.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1747990","https://openalex.org/W165918945","https://openalex.org/W1575087302","https://openalex.org/W1652620572","https://openalex.org/W1993638205","https://openalex.org/W2060604179","https://openalex.org/W2080455550","https://openalex.org/W2097486270","https://openalex.org/W2120543825","https://openalex.org/W2126727781","https://openalex.org/W2143786659","https://openalex.org/W2146256154","https://openalex.org/W2332466522","https://openalex.org/W2791332649","https://openalex.org/W3140324869","https://openalex.org/W4254368736"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991513203","https://openalex.org/W2892704491","https://openalex.org/W3178467699","https://openalex.org/W4312612713","https://openalex.org/W2106936331","https://openalex.org/W2042634493","https://openalex.org/W1985626581","https://openalex.org/W2100798736","https://openalex.org/W2321008539","https://openalex.org/W2728450881"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,52],"new":[1,96],"simple":[2],"algorithm,":[3],"based":[4,24],"on":[5,25,57],"dynamic":[6],"programming":[7],"is":[8,23,55,68,103,110],"presented,":[9],"for":[10],"handwritten":[11],"character":[12,38],"recognition,":[13],"with":[14,76],"improved":[15,100],"accuracy.":[16],"The":[17,90],"proposed":[18,66],"shape":[19],"transform":[20,74],"(ST)":[21],"approach":[22,97],"the":[26,29,33,58,62,65,71,84,88],"calculation":[27],"of":[28,31,35,41,64],"cost":[30],"transforming":[32],"image":[34],"a":[36,78],"given":[37],"into":[39,45],"that":[40,94],"another,":[42],"thus":[43],"taking":[44],"account":[46],"local":[47],"geometrical":[48],"similarities":[49],"and":[50,61],"differences.":[51],"large":[53],"experiment":[54,80],"conducted":[56],"NIST":[59],"database,":[60],"effectiveness":[63],"method":[67],"compared":[69],"to":[70,99,119],"Karhunen":[72],"Loeve":[73],"method,":[75],"which":[77,109],"similar":[79],"was":[81],"contacted":[82],"reporting":[83],"best":[85],"results":[86],"in":[87,106],"literature.":[89],"experiments":[91],"performed":[92],"show":[93],"this":[95],"leads":[98],"recognition.":[101],"It":[102],"more":[104,113],"demanding":[105],"computer":[107],"time,":[108],"becoming":[111],"ever":[112],"plentiful,":[114],"but":[115],"it":[116],"lends":[117],"itself":[118],"very":[120],"efficient":[121],"parallel":[122],"hardware":[123],"implementation.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}