{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2169504174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2000.906180","title":"Clustering data: dealing with high density variations","display_name":"Clustering data: dealing with high density variations","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2169504174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2000.906180","mag":"2169504174"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2000.906180","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2000.906180","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings 15th International Conference on Pattern Recognition. ICPR-2000","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002877812","display_name":"Arnaud Ribert","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62396329","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/03nhjew95","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Ribert","raw_affiliation_strings":["P.S.I. Laboratory, University of Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"P.S.I. Laboratory, University of Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083875852","display_name":"A. Ennaji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0592-2376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62396329","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/03nhjew95","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Ennaji","raw_affiliation_strings":["P.S.I. Laboratory, University of Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"P.S.I. Laboratory, University of Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068480709","display_name":"Y. Lecourtier","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62396329","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/03nhjew95","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Lecourtier","raw_affiliation_strings":["P.S.I. Laboratory, University of Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"P.S.I. Laboratory, University of Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62396329"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4265,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72924143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"736","last_page":"739"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.8019413948059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7632077932357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.7362159490585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5719519853591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.5646030306816101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5357358455657959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5302972793579102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.510646402835846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4733850061893463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-clustering","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","score":0.42661598324775696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","score":0.4203783869743347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clustering-high-dimensional-data","display_name":"Clustering high-dimensional data","score":0.415516197681427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.34039610624313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.16056442260742188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15073931217193604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.13241443037986755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.8019413948059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7632077932357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.7362159490585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5719519853591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.5646030306816101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5357358455657959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5302972793579102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.510646402835846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4733850061893463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92835128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277447","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","level":3,"score":0.42661598324775696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112640561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2440634","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","level":3,"score":0.4203783869743347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184509293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5136711","display_name":"Clustering high-dimensional data","level":3,"score":0.415516197681427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.34039610624313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.16056442260742188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15073931217193604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.13241443037986755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpr.2000.906180","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2000.906180","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings 15th International Conference on Pattern Recognition. ICPR-2000","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971784203","https://openalex.org/W1975152892","https://openalex.org/W2023059455","https://openalex.org/W2071894529","https://openalex.org/W2086341197","https://openalex.org/W2086449672","https://openalex.org/W2135889692","https://openalex.org/W2319660501","https://openalex.org/W4229966346","https://openalex.org/W4244359974","https://openalex.org/W4253850693","https://openalex.org/W4301734701"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3003949997","https://openalex.org/W3199359807","https://openalex.org/W2110485610","https://openalex.org/W3047607512","https://openalex.org/W2744690920","https://openalex.org/W2787081548","https://openalex.org/W183832189","https://openalex.org/W3005534356","https://openalex.org/W3163065387","https://openalex.org/W1644732402"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,42],"paper":[1],"focuses":[2],"on":[3,35,59],"the":[4,30],"problem":[5,62],"of":[6,14,63],"cluster":[7],"analysis":[8],"when":[9],"data":[10],"present":[11],"high":[12],"variations":[13],"density.":[15],"The":[16],"proposed":[17],"method":[18,43],"is":[19,44],"based":[20],"upon":[21],"a":[22,55,60],"hierarchical":[23],"clustering":[24],"and":[25],"enables":[26],"one":[27],"to":[28,46],"determine":[29],"clusters":[31],"without":[32],"any":[33],"assumption":[34],"their":[36,39],"number":[37],"nor":[38],"statistical":[40],"distribution.":[41],"used":[45],"design":[47],"an":[48],"efficient":[49],"distributed":[50],"neural":[51],"classifier":[52],"which":[53],"reveal":[54],"good":[56],"generalization":[57],"behavior":[58],"real":[61],"handwriting":[64],"digit":[65],"recognition":[66],"(NIST":[67],"database).":[68]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}