{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2810613008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icphys.2018.8390754","title":"Competences of cyber physical systems engineers \u2014 Survey results","display_name":"Competences of cyber physical systems engineers \u2014 Survey results","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2810613008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icphys.2018.8390754","mag":"2810613008"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icphys.2018.8390754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icphys.2018.8390754","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003621104","display_name":"Elena M\u00e4ki\u00f6-Marusik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elena M\u00e4ki\u00f6-Marusik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","University of Warwick, Coventry, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061888967","display_name":"Bilal Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2752-9161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bilal Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","University of Warwick, Coventry, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103100195","display_name":"Robert Harrison","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4266-5767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Harrison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","University of Warwick, Coventry, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warwick, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014942244","display_name":"Juho M\u00e4ki\u00f6","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9987-7600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104665","display_name":"University of Applied Sciences Emden Leer","ror":"https://ror.org/01bc76c69","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104665"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juho M\u00e4ki\u00f6","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Technology, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden/Leer, Germany","University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden/Leer, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden/Leer, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104665"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden/Leer, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104665"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047609699","display_name":"Armando Walter Colombo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-7589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104665","display_name":"University of Applied Sciences Emden Leer","ror":"https://ror.org/01bc76c69","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104665"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Armando Walter Colombo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colombo Faculty of Technology, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden/Leer, Germany","University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden/Leer, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colombo Faculty of Technology, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden/Leer, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104665"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden/Leer, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104665"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003621104"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6554,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84607536,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"491","last_page":"496"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13827","display_name":"Mechatronics Education and Applications","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13295","display_name":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.8475536704063416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidisciplinary-approach","display_name":"Multidisciplinary approach","score":0.6572763919830322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.5209695100784302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechatronics","display_name":"Mechatronics","score":0.5159843564033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management","display_name":"Engineering management","score":0.46589529514312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum","display_name":"Curriculum","score":0.4652372896671295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4449538290500641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4399562478065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.43802258372306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.390403687953949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.37589216232299805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.120354562997818}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.8475536704063416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22467394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849359","display_name":"Multidisciplinary approach","level":2,"score":0.6572763919830322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.5209695100784302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28704281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180165","display_name":"Mechatronics","level":2,"score":0.5159843564033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.46589529514312744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.4652372896671295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4449538290500641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4399562478065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.43802258372306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.390403687953949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.37589216232299805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.120354562997818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icphys.2018.8390754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icphys.2018.8390754","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:117583","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Item"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.hs-emden-leer.de:539","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://opus.hs-emden-leer.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/539","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053446","display_name":"Hochschulschriftenserver der Hochschule Emden/Leer","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus4.hsfu:10966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://opus.hs-furtwangen.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/10966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196512","display_name":"Repository of Futwangen University of Applied Sciences (Furtwangen University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I882953328","host_organization_name":"Furtwangen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I882953328"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972417803","https://openalex.org/W2154525715","https://openalex.org/W2244249648","https://openalex.org/W2250339111","https://openalex.org/W2293792990","https://openalex.org/W2294550284","https://openalex.org/W2294709494","https://openalex.org/W2538102286","https://openalex.org/W2567432640","https://openalex.org/W2568487407","https://openalex.org/W2570047054","https://openalex.org/W2570216960","https://openalex.org/W2770278453","https://openalex.org/W6697433463","https://openalex.org/W6762422196"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2913189039","https://openalex.org/W1889691171","https://openalex.org/W613097443","https://openalex.org/W2888778368","https://openalex.org/W4236890452","https://openalex.org/W2484273923","https://openalex.org/W1991400806","https://openalex.org/W1717190054","https://openalex.org/W2075474585","https://openalex.org/W2512104077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cyber":[0],"physical":[1,6],"systems":[2],"(CPS)":[3],"consist":[4],"of":[5,33,46,58,62,80,89,94,101,109,122,160,164,175,191],"and":[7,18,39,48,64,70,97,107,119,124,132,141,158,167,170,173],"cyber":[8],"components":[9],"seamlessly":[10],"integrated":[11],"with":[12,206],"each":[13,78],"other.":[14],"Being":[15],"a":[16,43,59,120,192],"core":[17],"an":[19,114,143],"essential":[20,115],"component":[21],"within":[22],"the":[23,56,81,87,95,98,102,161,176,180,189,202],"digitalization":[24],"process,":[25],"CPS":[26,37,110],"are":[27,53,76],"becoming":[28],"pervasive":[29],"in":[30,153,179,195],"all":[31],"spheres":[32],"modern":[34],"society.":[35,82],"Understanding":[36],"structures":[38],"associated":[40,205],"functionalities":[41],"requires":[42],"multidisciplinary":[44,165],"body":[45],"knowledge":[47],"engineering":[49,117,182,203],"capabilities.":[50],"Moreover,":[51],"they":[52],"laying":[54],"on":[55,188],"edge":[57],"broad":[60],"spectrum":[61],"methodologies":[63],"technologies,":[65,74],"from":[66,86,126],"mechatronics,":[67],"communication,":[68],"control":[69],"automation":[71],"to":[72,112,139,201],"information":[73],"which":[75],"penetrating":[77],"corner":[79],"It":[83],"is":[84,186],"obvious":[85],"lifecycle":[88],"CPS,":[90],"i.e.,":[91],"life":[92],"cycle":[93],"physical-part":[96],"digital":[99],"thread":[100],"cyber-part,":[103],"that":[104],"developers,":[105],"operators":[106],"managers":[108],"have":[111,150],"acquire":[113],"interdisciplinary":[116],"qualification":[118],"combination":[121],"skills":[123],"competencies":[125,166],"many":[127],"different":[128],"disciplines,":[129],"including":[130],"social":[131],"psychological":[133],"aspects,":[134],"among":[135],"others.":[136],"In":[137],"order":[138],"develop":[140],"implement":[142],"adequate":[144],"educational":[145],"programme,":[146],"two":[147,196],"major":[148],"aspects":[149],"been":[151],"analysed":[152],"this":[154],"paper:":[155],"(i)":[156],"identification":[157,172],"understanding":[159],"minimal":[162],"set":[163],"qualifications":[168],"needed":[169],"(ii)":[171],"classification":[174],"critical":[177],"gaps":[178],"existing":[181],"curricula.":[183],"The":[184],"analysis":[185],"based":[187],"findings":[190],"survey":[193],"conducted":[194],"IEEE":[197],"conferences":[198],"closely":[199],"related":[200],"disciplines":[204],"CPS.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2018-07-10T00:00:00"}
