{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2997011332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icphm49022.2020.9187036","title":"Building chatbots from large scale domain-specific knowledge bases: challenges and opportunities","display_name":"Building chatbots from large scale domain-specific knowledge bases: challenges and opportunities","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2997011332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icphm49022.2020.9187036","mag":"2997011332"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icphm49022.2020.9187036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icphm49022.2020.9187036","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Prognostics and Health Management (ICPHM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.00100","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034255896","display_name":"Walid Shalaby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6641-069X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86725329","display_name":"Hitachi Global Storage Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02q0s1x22","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86725329"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Walid Shalaby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial AI Lab, Hitachi America Ltd., Santa Clara, USA","Hitachi America Ltd.,Industrial AI Lab,Santa Clara,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial AI Lab, Hitachi America Ltd., Santa Clara, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86725329"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hitachi America Ltd.,Industrial AI Lab,Santa Clara,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86725329"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002730302","display_name":"Adriano S. Arantes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86725329","display_name":"Hitachi Global Storage Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02q0s1x22","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86725329"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adriano Arantes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial AI Lab, Hitachi America Ltd., Santa Clara, USA","Hitachi America Ltd.,Industrial AI Lab,Santa Clara,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial AI Lab, Hitachi America Ltd., Santa Clara, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86725329"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hitachi America Ltd.,Industrial AI Lab,Santa Clara,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86725329"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029995893","display_name":"Teresa GonzalezDiaz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86725329","display_name":"Hitachi Global Storage Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02q0s1x22","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86725329"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teresa GonzalezDiaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial AI Lab, Hitachi America Ltd., Santa Clara, USA","Hitachi America Ltd.,Industrial AI Lab,Santa Clara,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial AI Lab, Hitachi America Ltd., Santa Clara, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86725329"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hitachi America Ltd.,Industrial AI Lab,Santa Clara,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86725329"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103731588","display_name":"Chetan Gupta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089357","display_name":"Hitachi (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/0097wyf31","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089357","https://openalex.org/I65143321"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86725329","display_name":"Hitachi Global Storage Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02q0s1x22","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86725329"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chetan Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial AI Lab, Hitachi America Ltd., Santa Clara, USA","Hitachi"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial AI Lab, Hitachi America Ltd., Santa Clara, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86725329"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hitachi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089357"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034255896"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86725329"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0095179,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8036332130432129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7380526065826416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.6793978810310364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.6568072438240051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6304951906204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5796176791191101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5400055646896362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5014610290527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","score":0.4967687726020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"Domain knowledge","score":0.4815828800201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.42168694734573364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.4153089225292206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3688036799430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.17732647061347961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.06398347020149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.06111076474189758}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8036332130432129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7380526065826416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.6793978810310364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.6568072438240051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6304951906204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5796176791191101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5400055646896362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5014610290527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4967687726020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.4815828800201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.42168694734573364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.4153089225292206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3688036799430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.17732647061347961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06398347020149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.06111076474189758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icphm49022.2020.9187036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icphm49022.2020.9187036","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Prognostics and Health Management (ICPHM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2001.00100","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2001.00100","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.00100","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2001.00100","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2001.00100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:2997011332","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2001.00100","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2001.00100","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.00100","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2997011332.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2997011332.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13682356","https://openalex.org/W102708294","https://openalex.org/W1493490255","https://openalex.org/W1512387364","https://openalex.org/W1623072288","https://openalex.org/W1902237438","https://openalex.org/W1932742904","https://openalex.org/W2016753842","https://openalex.org/W2094728533","https://openalex.org/W2116261113","https://openalex.org/W2122865749","https://openalex.org/W2123442489","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2147880316","https://openalex.org/W2160660844","https://openalex.org/W2509893387","https://openalex.org/W2604259521","https://openalex.org/W2713640100","https://openalex.org/W2739716023","https://openalex.org/W2767026327","https://openalex.org/W2782221572","https://openalex.org/W2786447266","https://openalex.org/W2805620649","https://openalex.org/W2902321306","https://openalex.org/W2920679501","https://openalex.org/W6622627872","https://openalex.org/W6629638141","https://openalex.org/W6679434410","https://openalex.org/W6682082992","https://openalex.org/W6682691769","https://openalex.org/W6746137445","https://openalex.org/W6760470943"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3084232758","https://openalex.org/W2627072846","https://openalex.org/W2617497052","https://openalex.org/W3201271385","https://openalex.org/W2945214162","https://openalex.org/W2817291747","https://openalex.org/W3166915941","https://openalex.org/W218345686","https://openalex.org/W2474776235","https://openalex.org/W2919814098","https://openalex.org/W2170646831","https://openalex.org/W621186596","https://openalex.org/W609413687","https://openalex.org/W3123936891","https://openalex.org/W2109937690","https://openalex.org/W2771375446","https://openalex.org/W2912559069","https://openalex.org/W2593859113","https://openalex.org/W3192476286","https://openalex.org/W2743810290"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Popular":[0],"conversational":[1],"agents":[2],"frameworks":[3],"such":[4,108],"as":[5],"Alexa":[6],"Skills":[7],"Kit":[8],"(ASK)":[9],"and":[10,21,61,73,95,103,143],"Google":[11],"Actions":[12],"(gActions)":[13],"offer":[14],"unprecedented":[15],"opportunities":[16],"for":[17,71],"facilitating":[18],"the":[19,59,79,90,122],"development":[20],"deployment":[22],"of":[23,51,135],"voice-enabled":[24],"AI":[25],"solutions":[26],"in":[27,110,147],"various":[28],"verticals.":[29],"Nevertheless,":[30],"understanding":[31,72,148],"user":[32,111,149],"utterances":[33,150],"with":[34,41,48,132,151],"high":[35],"accuracy":[36],"remains":[37],"a":[38,66,118],"challenging":[39],"task":[40],"these":[42],"frameworks.":[43],"Particularly,":[44],"when":[45],"building":[46,65],"chatbots":[47],"large":[49,67,133],"volume":[50,134],"domain-specific":[52,152],"entities.":[53,153],"In":[54,78],"this":[55],"paper,":[56],"we":[57,81],"describe":[58,82],"challenges":[60],"lessons":[62],"learned":[63],"from":[64,100],"scale":[68],"virtual":[69],"assistant":[70],"responding":[74],"to":[75,106,126,139],"equipment-related":[76],"complaints.":[77],"process,":[80],"an":[83],"alternative":[84],"scalable":[85],"framework":[86],"for:":[87],"1)":[88],"extracting":[89],"knowledge":[91],"about":[92],"equipment":[93],"components":[94],"their":[96],"associated":[97],"problem":[98],"entities":[99,109,136],"short":[101],"texts,":[102],"2)":[104],"learning":[105],"identify":[107],"utterances.":[112],"We":[113],"show":[114],"through":[115],"evaluation":[116],"on":[117],"real":[119],"dataset":[120],"that":[121],"proposed":[123],"framework,":[124],"compared":[125],"off-the-shelf":[127],"popular":[128],"ones,":[129],"scales":[130],"better":[131],"being":[137],"up":[138],"30%":[140],"more":[141,145],"accurate,":[142],"is":[144],"effective":[146]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
