{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124179619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpads67057.2025.11323172","title":"KGSC-SAT: Key-Gated Semantic Communication Enhanced by Steganography Adversarial Training for Secure Transmission","display_name":"KGSC-SAT: Key-Gated Semantic Communication Enhanced by Steganography Adversarial Training for Secure Transmission","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124179619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpads67057.2025.11323172"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpads67057.2025.11323172","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpads67057.2025.11323172","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 31th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123003569","display_name":"Xin Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009324770","display_name":"Xiulong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4746-5599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143258","display_name":"SBS CyberSecurity (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0572r3k48","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143258"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiulong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cybersecurity, Tianjin University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cybersecurity, Tianjin University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143258"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006725776","display_name":"Xin Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8909-3105"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100677023","display_name":"Kaixuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6522-0109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaixuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051974674","display_name":"Qixuan Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-4403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qixuan Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123049323","display_name":"Xinyu Tong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123024292","display_name":"Zheng Gong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143258","display_name":"SBS CyberSecurity (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0572r3k48","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143258"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cybersecurity, Tianjin University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cybersecurity, Tianjin University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143258"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111982109","display_name":"Keqiu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1758-3030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keqiu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63090791,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.42890000343322754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.42890000343322754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.12610000371932983,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.11789999902248383,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.7541000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.701200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6581000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camouflage","display_name":"Camouflage","score":0.4936999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insider","display_name":"Insider","score":0.4043000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-security","display_name":"Semantic security","score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.3677999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-communication","display_name":"Secure communication","score":0.351500004529953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7986000180244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.7541000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.701200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6728000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6581000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776196576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196113","display_name":"Camouflage","level":2,"score":0.4936999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778971194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1664551","display_name":"Insider","level":2,"score":0.4043000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204806902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2333581","display_name":"Semantic security","level":5,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.3677999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510870077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444868","display_name":"Secure communication","level":3,"score":0.351500004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.35120001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.33809998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.3138999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84976871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015673","display_name":"Openness to experience","level":2,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781122975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16928266","display_name":"Semantic feature","level":2,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2556000053882599}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpads67057.2025.11323172","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpads67057.2025.11323172","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 31th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5921187996864319}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1792372845","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62372324,62402336","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1580389772","https://openalex.org/W2573724518","https://openalex.org/W2603777577","https://openalex.org/W2946889564","https://openalex.org/W2951555353","https://openalex.org/W2989885118","https://openalex.org/W3035616549","https://openalex.org/W4214543711","https://openalex.org/W4283211831","https://openalex.org/W4324296656","https://openalex.org/W4386737030","https://openalex.org/W4388937189","https://openalex.org/W4392152437","https://openalex.org/W4392397456","https://openalex.org/W4396712624","https://openalex.org/W4400111406","https://openalex.org/W4400276258","https://openalex.org/W4404624490","https://openalex.org/W4406610978","https://openalex.org/W4408324852","https://openalex.org/W4412719040","https://openalex.org/W4414788006"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"End-to-end":[0],"semantic":[1],"communication":[2,129],"paradigms":[3],"demonstrate":[4,113],"substantial":[5],"potential":[6],"in":[7],"reducing":[8],"network":[9],"load":[10],"and":[11,58,121],"compressing":[12],"data":[13,42],"redundancy.":[14],"However,":[15],"their":[16],"inherent":[17],"openness":[18],"introduces":[19],"significant":[20],"security":[21],"risks,":[22],"such":[23],"as":[24],"unauthorized":[25,119],"access":[26,55,120],"that":[27,114],"enables":[28],"attackers":[29],"to":[30,44,60,99],"camouflage":[31],"themselves":[32],"among":[33],"legitimate":[34,37],"users.":[35,70],"Moreover,":[36],"users":[38],"may":[39],"exploit":[40],"input-output":[41],"pairs":[43],"conduct":[45],"model":[46,65,123],"stealing":[47],"attacks.":[48],"Existing":[49],"defense":[50],"strategies":[51],"generally":[52],"lack":[53],"user":[54],"control":[56],"mechanisms":[57],"fail":[59],"provide":[61],"targeted":[62],"countermeasures":[63],"against":[64],"inversion":[66,124],"attacks":[67],"from":[68],"internal":[69],"To":[71],"address":[72],"this":[73],"gap,":[74],"we":[75],"propose":[76],"KGSC-SAT,":[77],"a":[78,94],"Key-Gated":[79],"Semantic":[80],"Communication":[81],"framework":[82,92],"enhanced":[83],"by":[84],"Steganography":[85],"Adversarial":[86],"Training":[87],"for":[88],"Secure":[89],"Transmission.":[90],"The":[91],"employs":[93],"key-based":[95],"feature":[96],"modulation":[97],"method":[98],"identify":[100],"authorized":[101],"users,":[102],"while":[103,126],"adversarial":[104],"steganography":[105],"training":[106],"facilitates":[107],"deep":[108],"feature-level":[109],"masking.":[110],"Experimental":[111],"results":[112],"KGSC-SAT":[115],"effectively":[116],"mitigates":[117],"both":[118],"insider":[122],"threats,":[125],"delivering":[127],"reliable":[128],"performance.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2026-01-15T00:00:00"}