{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124217990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpads67057.2025.11323123","title":"Latency Analysis of DAG-Driven Blockchain System for IoV Through the Lens of IOTA","display_name":"Latency Analysis of DAG-Driven Blockchain System for IoV Through the Lens of IOTA","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124217990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpads67057.2025.11323123"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpads67057.2025.11323123","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpads67057.2025.11323123","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 31th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000452437","display_name":"Xuefeng Piao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5528-1848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161462","display_name":"Heilongjiang Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05x0m9n95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xuefeng Piao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China,150001"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China,150001","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123028419","display_name":"Jiasi Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161462","display_name":"Heilongjiang Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05x0m9n95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiasi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China,150001"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China,150001","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123043647","display_name":"Hao Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161462","display_name":"Heilongjiang Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05x0m9n95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China,150001"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China,150001","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035825717","display_name":"H Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161462","display_name":"Heilongjiang Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05x0m9n95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haobo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China,150001"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China,150001","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123021947","display_name":"Huihui Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huihui Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of New Energy, Harbin Institute of Technology,Weihai,Shandong,China,264209"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of New Energy, Harbin Institute of Technology,Weihai,Shandong,China,264209","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111686832","display_name":"Seong-Je Cho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89015989","display_name":"Dankook University","ror":"https://ror.org/058pdbn81","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89015989"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seong-Je Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dankook University,Department of Software Science,Yongin-si,South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dankook University,Department of Software Science,Yongin-si,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89015989"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123008662","display_name":"Zhenzhou Ji","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161462","display_name":"Heilongjiang Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05x0m9n95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenzhou Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China,150001"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China,150001","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000452437"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61988525,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.7598999738693237,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.7598999738693237,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.11879999935626984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.0333000011742115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.8267999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5206999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.4056999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.4047999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.3684999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.3612000048160553}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.8267999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8208000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5770999789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5684999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5206999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.4056999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.4047999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.3684999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46637626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693015","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","level":2,"score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136643341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361526","display_name":"Reachability","level":2,"score":0.33059999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98025372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477538","display_name":"Systems architecture","level":3,"score":0.31859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74197172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195339","display_name":"Directed acyclic graph","level":2,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.3018999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2854999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81293917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4189534","display_name":"System deployment","level":3,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15845906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172338","display_name":"Data exchange","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icpads67057.2025.11323123","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icpads67057.2025.11323123","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 31th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.4098716974258423}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2771552024","https://openalex.org/W2786393483","https://openalex.org/W2897450989","https://openalex.org/W2947550312","https://openalex.org/W2994417448","https://openalex.org/W3009583949","https://openalex.org/W3029410543","https://openalex.org/W3041194909","https://openalex.org/W3041497362","https://openalex.org/W3044905940","https://openalex.org/W3092515917","https://openalex.org/W3097475179","https://openalex.org/W3109159314","https://openalex.org/W3122196073","https://openalex.org/W3172959128","https://openalex.org/W3197762610","https://openalex.org/W3199107099","https://openalex.org/W3204398082","https://openalex.org/W4206771767","https://openalex.org/W4223932426","https://openalex.org/W4224324151","https://openalex.org/W4327743390","https://openalex.org/W4381687614","https://openalex.org/W4406149785","https://openalex.org/W4406308708","https://openalex.org/W4408094874","https://openalex.org/W4411172305","https://openalex.org/W4414804326"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,24,168],"Internet":[1],"of":[2,11,27,41,54,105,150,157,159],"Vehicles":[3],"(IoV)":[4],"has":[5],"emerged":[6],"as":[7,78,85,164],"a":[8,89,131,151],"key":[9],"enabler":[10],"Intelligent":[12],"Transportation":[13],"Systems":[14],"(ITS),":[15],"IoV":[16,70,142],"faces":[17],"significant":[18],"challenges":[19],"in":[20,181],"scalability":[21,172],"and":[22,34,46,66,81,108,154,173],"security.":[23],"growing":[25],"volume":[26],"real-time":[28],"vehicular":[29,98,134],"data":[30,47,95],"strains":[31],"network":[32],"resources,":[33],"traditional":[35],"centralized":[36],"architectures":[37],"introduce":[38],"single":[39],"points":[40],"failure":[42],"that":[43,139],"compromise":[44],"reliability":[45],"integrity.":[48],"This":[49],"paper":[50],"investigates":[51],"the":[52,69,73,103,140,148],"integration":[53],"IOTA-a":[55],"Directed":[56],"Acyclic":[57],"Graph":[58],"(DAG)":[59],"based":[60],"distributed":[61],"ledger":[62],"designed":[63],"for":[64,92,179],"feeless":[65],"scalable":[67],"transactions-into":[68],"system.":[71],"In":[72],"proposed":[74],"architecture,":[75],"vehicles":[76],"operate":[77],"lightweight":[79],"nodes":[80],"roadside":[82],"units":[83],"function":[84],"full":[86],"nodes,":[87],"yielding":[88],"resource-efficient":[90],"architecture":[91],"secure,":[93],"tamper-resistant":[94],"interaction":[96],"across":[97],"networks.":[99],"We":[100,122],"formally":[101],"model":[102],"latency":[104,146],"transaction":[106],"propagation":[107],"consensus":[109],"confirmation":[110],"phases":[111],"to":[112],"gain":[113],"insight":[114],"into":[115],"its":[116],"performance":[117],"characteristics":[118],"under":[119,126],"high":[120,155],"concurrency.":[121],"conducted":[123],"extensive":[124],"simulations":[125],"diverse":[127],"traffic":[128],"conditions":[129],"on":[130,147],"private":[132],"IOTAenabled":[133],"network.":[135],"Experimental":[136],"results":[137],"demonstrate":[138],"IOTA-based":[141],"system":[143,169],"achieves":[144],"low":[145],"order":[149],"few":[152],"milliseconds":[153],"throughput":[156],"hundreds":[158],"transactions":[160],"per":[161],"second":[162],"even":[163],"vehicle":[165],"density":[166],"increases.":[167],"exhibits":[170],"strong":[171],"operational":[174],"stability,":[175],"indicating":[176],"considerable":[177],"potential":[178],"deployment":[180],"real-world":[182],"ITS":[183],"environments.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-16T23:16:36.188383","created_date":"2026-01-15T00:00:00"}