{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412346460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icorr66766.2025.11063147","title":"Evaluating Differences in Smart Walker-Assisted Locomotion in Augmented and Virtual Reality Environment","display_name":"Evaluating Differences in Smart Walker-Assisted Locomotion in Augmented and Virtual Reality Environment","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412346460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icorr66766.2025.11063147","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40643992"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icorr66766.2025.11063147","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icorr66766.2025.11063147","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Conference On Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040831010","display_name":"Matheus Loureiro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matheus Loureiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Espirito Santo,Graduate Program in Electrical Eng.,Vit&#x00F3;ria,Espirito Santo,Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Espirito Santo,Graduate Program in Electrical Eng.,Vit&#x00F3;ria,Espirito Santo,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057013735","display_name":"Weslley Oliveira","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weslley Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Espirito Santo,Graduate Program in Electrical Eng.,Vit&#x00F3;ria,Espirito Santo,Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Espirito Santo,Graduate Program in Electrical Eng.,Vit&#x00F3;ria,Espirito Santo,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088105495","display_name":"Fabiana S. Machado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9272-5209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabiana Machado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Espirito Santo,Graduate Program in Informatics,Vit&#x00F3;ria,Espirito Santo,Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Espirito Santo,Graduate Program in Informatics,Vit&#x00F3;ria,Espirito Santo,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109534311","display_name":"Igor Ant\u00f4nio Galv\u00e3o Vieira","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor Vieira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Espirito Santo,Graduate Program in Electrical Eng.,Vit&#x00F3;ria,Espirito Santo,Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Espirito Santo,Graduate Program in Electrical Eng.,Vit&#x00F3;ria,Espirito Santo,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021120212","display_name":"Ricardo Mello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0420-4273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Mello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Espirito Santo,Graduate Program in Electrical Eng.,Vit&#x00F3;ria,Espirito Santo,Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Espirito Santo,Graduate Program in Electrical Eng.,Vit&#x00F3;ria,Espirito Santo,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024101961","display_name":"Anselmo Frizera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0687-3967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anselmo Frizera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Espirito Santo,Graduate Program in Electrical Eng.,Vit&#x00F3;ria,Espirito Santo,Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Espirito Santo,Graduate Program in Electrical Eng.,Vit&#x00F3;ria,Espirito Santo,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040831010"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.326,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89134723,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2025","issue":null,"first_page":"784","last_page":"789"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11687","display_name":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.7551929950714111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/augmented-reality","display_name":"Augmented reality","score":0.749189019203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6316379904747009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6260743737220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assisted-living","display_name":"Assisted living","score":0.48661407828330994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-mediated-reality","display_name":"Computer-mediated reality","score":0.4681644141674042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-reality","display_name":"Mixed reality","score":0.406624972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.08537793159484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gerontology","display_name":"Gerontology","score":0.052799999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.7551929950714111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153715457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254183","display_name":"Augmented reality","level":2,"score":0.749189019203186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6316379904747009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6260743737220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018552312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315412","display_name":"Assisted living","level":2,"score":0.48661407828330994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134202134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157399","display_name":"Computer-mediated reality","level":4,"score":0.4681644141674042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206776904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758389","display_name":"Mixed reality","level":3,"score":0.406624972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08537793159484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.052799999713897705}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076142","descriptor_name":"Virtual Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081411","descriptor_name":"Augmented Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000081411","descriptor_name":"Augmented Reality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008124","descriptor_name":"Locomotion","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008124","descriptor_name":"Locomotion","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icorr66766.2025.11063147","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icorr66766.2025.11063147","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Conference On Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:40643992","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40643992","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2007543207","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"308155/2023-8,403753/2021-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","funder_display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4568629573","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PROAPEX,2023-XDHHW,2022D48XB,2022-C5K3H,2022-NGKM5,2021-GL6OJ,2021-07KJ2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323682","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o do Esp\u00edrito Santo"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4728602537","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0036/21,2784/20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322904","funder_display_name":"Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322904","display_name":"Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos","ror":"https://ror.org/030w99567"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323682","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/03cen2c33"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1554565390","https://openalex.org/W1593163947","https://openalex.org/W2099908953","https://openalex.org/W2270185588","https://openalex.org/W2548681905","https://openalex.org/W2782892168","https://openalex.org/W2796578616","https://openalex.org/W2803831479","https://openalex.org/W3194362155","https://openalex.org/W3201375610","https://openalex.org/W3204942711","https://openalex.org/W4200032264","https://openalex.org/W4285291995","https://openalex.org/W4296109379","https://openalex.org/W4297094910","https://openalex.org/W4306753695","https://openalex.org/W4312893849","https://openalex.org/W4380884378","https://openalex.org/W4384925144","https://openalex.org/W4385325374","https://openalex.org/W4392700091","https://openalex.org/W4401917781","https://openalex.org/W4402865209","https://openalex.org/W6635425622"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4378228679","https://openalex.org/W4285815440","https://openalex.org/W4378228262","https://openalex.org/W3107375852","https://openalex.org/W2906256945","https://openalex.org/W3205251208","https://openalex.org/W4388982268","https://openalex.org/W2789244453","https://openalex.org/W4320495410","https://openalex.org/W2752321621"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,116],"global":[1],"trend":[2],"of":[3,122,134,203],"population":[4],"aging":[5],"has":[6],"increased":[7],"demand":[8],"for":[9],"healthcare":[10],"professionals,":[11],"particularly":[12],"those":[13],"assisting":[14],"individuals":[15],"with":[16,142,160,220],"mobility":[17],"impairments.":[18],"To":[19,50],"aid":[20],"these":[21],"people,":[22],"rehabilitation":[23,43,225],"robotics,":[24],"such":[25,57],"as":[26,58,205],"smart":[27],"walkers":[28],"(SW),":[29],"can":[30,44,66],"be":[31,67],"used":[32],"to":[33,98,158,209],"enhance":[34,52,224],"motor":[35],"capabilities.":[36],"However,":[37],"repetitive":[38],"and":[39,48,62,85,113,177,191],"painful":[40],"tasks":[41],"in":[42,87,110,128,155,213],"reduce":[45],"patient":[46],"engagement":[47,212],"motivation.":[49],"help":[51],"motivation":[53],"during":[54,181],"rehabilitation,":[55,215],"tools":[56],"augmented":[59],"reality":[60,64],"(AR)":[61],"virtual":[63],"(VR)":[65],"used.":[68],"In":[69,132],"this":[70,72],"way,":[71],"paper":[73,199],"presents":[74],"a":[75,91,100,119,161,187,206],"study":[76],"aimed":[77],"at":[78],"evaluating":[79],"the":[80,129,182,196,201],"differences":[81],"between":[82],"using":[83,140,195],"AR":[84,112,130,156,176,184,204,219],"VR":[86,114,178],"locomotion":[88],"assisted":[89,106],"by":[90,107,151],"SW.":[92,197],"Fourteen":[93],"healthy":[94],"volunteers":[95,136],"were":[96],"recruited":[97],"perform":[99],"3-minute":[101],"walk,":[102],"collecting":[103],"items":[104,126],"while":[105,174],"an":[108],"SW":[109],"both":[111,175],"environments.":[115],"results":[117],"showed":[118],"slight":[120],"increase":[121],"6.2":[123],"%":[124,153],"more":[125,188],"collected":[127],"environment.":[131],"terms":[133],"enjoyment,":[135],"reported":[137],"greater":[138,193],"enjoyment":[139,180],"AR,":[141],"Physical":[143],"Activity":[144],"Enjoyment":[145],"Scale":[146],"(PACES)":[147],"questionnaire":[148],"scores":[149],"increasing":[150],"5.6":[152],"points":[154],"compared":[157],"VR,":[159],"statistically":[162],"significant":[163],"difference":[164],"($\\mathrm{p}$-value":[165],"$\\text{=":[166],"0.":[167],"0":[168],"3}$).":[169],"These":[170],"findings":[171],"suggest":[172],"that":[173,217],"provide":[179],"task,":[183],"may":[185],"offer":[186],"enjoyable":[189],"experience":[190],"promote":[192],"confidence":[194],"This":[198],"highlights":[200],"potential":[202],"valuable":[207],"tool":[208],"improve":[210],"user":[211],"robotic":[214,221],"suggesting":[216],"integrating":[218],"systems":[222],"could":[223],"outcomes.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
