{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410358976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icoin63865.2025.10992900","title":"Standardization Review on Non-Terrestrial Networks","display_name":"Standardization Review on Non-Terrestrial Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410358976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icoin63865.2025.10992900"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icoin63865.2025.10992900","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icoin63865.2025.10992900","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082399620","display_name":"Yeunwoong Kyung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5247-0296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206597221","display_name":"Kongju National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0373nm262","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yeunwoong Kyung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kongju National University,Div. of Info. & Comm. Eng,Cheonan,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kongju National University,Div. of Info. & Comm. Eng,Cheonan,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100609351","display_name":"Jaewook Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5028-6017"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8991828","display_name":"Pukyong National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0433kqc49","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206597221","display_name":"Kongju National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0373nm262","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaewook Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kongju National University,Dep. of Computer Science and Eng,Cheonan,Korea","Pukyong National University,Dep. of Info. and Comm. Engineering,Busan,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kongju National University,Dep. of Computer Science and Eng,Cheonan,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pukyong National University,Dep. of Info. and Comm. Engineering,Busan,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007398507","display_name":"Haneul Ko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9067-445X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haneul Ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kyung Hee University,Dep. of Electronic Eng,Yongin-si,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kyung Hee University,Dep. of Electronic Eng,Yongin-si,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022036931","display_name":"Seungmin Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2139-8746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206597221","display_name":"Kongju National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0373nm262","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungmin Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kongju National University,Dep. of Computer Science and Eng,Cheonan,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kongju National University,Dep. of Computer Science and Eng,Cheonan,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100762136","display_name":"John J. Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-9071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206597221","display_name":"Kongju National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0373nm262","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8991828","display_name":"Pukyong National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0433kqc49","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaehwan Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kongju National University,Dep. of Computer Science and Eng,Cheonan,Korea","Pukyong National University,Dep. of Info. and Comm. Engineering,Busan,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kongju National University,Dep. of Computer Science and Eng,Cheonan,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pukyong National University,Dep. of Info. and Comm. Engineering,Busan,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100357167","display_name":"Young\u2010Jun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9801-3066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71007489","display_name":"Kyungnam University","ror":"https://ror.org/037pkxm09","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71007489"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youngjun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kyungnam University,School of Computer Science and Eng,Changwon,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kyungnam University,School of Computer Science and Eng,Changwon,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71007489"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082399620"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12571277,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"349","last_page":"351"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.7228000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.7228000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.9088408946990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5928364992141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07259500026702881}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.9088408946990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5928364992141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07259500026702881}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icoin63865.2025.10992900","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icoin63865.2025.10992900","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3147278562","https://openalex.org/W4377138759"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2378767206","https://openalex.org/W1540871478","https://openalex.org/W328308450","https://openalex.org/W282641168","https://openalex.org/W2376963063","https://openalex.org/W2066396794","https://openalex.org/W2366734808"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,30,40,48,59,66,72,83],"demand":[2],"for":[3],"global":[4],"connectivity":[5],"increases,":[6],"non-terrestrial":[7],"networks":[8],"(NTNs),":[9],"particularly":[10],"satellite-based":[11],"systems,":[12],"have":[13],"gained":[14],"significant":[15],"attention":[16],"in":[17,95],"communication":[18],"network":[19,43,88],"standardization.":[20],"The":[21],"3rd":[22],"Generation":[23],"Partnership":[24],"Project":[25],"(3GPP)":[26],"has":[27],"been":[28],"at":[29],"forefront":[31],"of":[32,50,61,74,85],"developing":[33],"standards":[34],"that":[35],"incorporate":[36],"satellite":[37,107],"communications":[38],"into":[39],"broader":[41],"terrestrial":[42],"framework.":[44],"This":[45],"paper":[46],"reviews":[47],"progression":[49],"NTN":[51],"standardization,":[52],"focusing":[53],"on":[54],"three":[55],"key":[56],"stages:":[57],"(1)":[58],"use":[60],"satellites":[62],"as":[63],"relays":[64],"or":[65],"next":[67],"generation":[68],"NodeBs":[69],"(gNBs),":[70],"(2)":[71],"integration":[73],"user":[75],"plane":[76,87],"functions":[77,89,103],"(UPF)":[78],"within":[79,91],"satellites,":[80],"and":[81],"(3)":[82],"inclusion":[84],"control":[86],"(NFs)":[90],"satellites.":[92],"These":[93],"developments":[94],"standardizations":[96],"reflect":[97],"a":[98],"shift":[99],"from":[100],"basic":[101],"relay":[102],"to":[104],"fully":[105],"integrated":[106],"networks.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}