{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2000779200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnsc.2014.6819657","title":"Structural vulnerability assessment of electric power grids","display_name":"Structural vulnerability assessment of electric power grids","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2000779200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnsc.2014.6819657","mag":"2000779200"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnsc.2014.6819657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnsc.2014.6819657","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034299120","display_name":"Yakup Ko\u00e7","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yakup Koc","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands","Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051320860","display_name":"Martijn Warnier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4682-6882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martijn Warnier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands","Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084761980","display_name":"Robert E. Kooij","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8654-1550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Kooij","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands","Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018472151","display_name":"Frances Brazier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-2351"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frances Brazier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands","Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6392,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96344334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"386","last_page":"391"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9366999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascading-failure","display_name":"Cascading failure","score":0.769024670124054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability-assessment","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","score":0.6884982585906982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6484215259552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.6381275653839111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6209222078323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.5932298302650452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.5692489743232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-transmission","display_name":"Electric power transmission","score":0.5477527976036072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5118624567985535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.504693865776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-network","display_name":"Complex network","score":0.49091702699661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-system-protection","display_name":"Power-system protection","score":0.47800958156585693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.46799227595329285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4594287872314453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.4450932741165161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-flow","display_name":"Power flow","score":0.43037739396095276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-theory","display_name":"Graph theory","score":0.4181712865829468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3581504821777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20312106609344482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.16352227330207825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.15444138646125793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1471882164478302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.09829697012901306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119323957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048226","display_name":"Cascading failure","level":4,"score":0.769024670124054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167063184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400839","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","level":3,"score":0.6884982585906982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6484215259552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.6381275653839111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6209222078323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5932298302650452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5692489743232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140311924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200928","display_name":"Electric power transmission","level":2,"score":0.5477527976036072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5118624567985535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.504693865776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.49091702699661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38361682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756067","display_name":"Power-system protection","level":4,"score":0.47800958156585693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.46799227595329285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4594287872314453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.4450932741165161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986056383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556030","display_name":"Power flow","level":4,"score":0.43037739396095276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.4181712865829468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3581504821777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20312106609344482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.16352227330207825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15444138646125793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1471882164478302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.09829697012901306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnsc.2014.6819657","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnsc.2014.6819657","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.747.495","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.747.495","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1312.6606.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518465634","https://openalex.org/W1595344052","https://openalex.org/W1607032092","https://openalex.org/W1968164782","https://openalex.org/W1968686485","https://openalex.org/W1974921713","https://openalex.org/W1975063928","https://openalex.org/W1982276233","https://openalex.org/W1987314021","https://openalex.org/W1999647190","https://openalex.org/W2008620264","https://openalex.org/W2043184256","https://openalex.org/W2076864059","https://openalex.org/W2080397156","https://openalex.org/W2083638266","https://openalex.org/W2087000990","https://openalex.org/W2094343838","https://openalex.org/W2094724469","https://openalex.org/W2106365068","https://openalex.org/W2110907155","https://openalex.org/W2112090702","https://openalex.org/W2118698544","https://openalex.org/W2155202145","https://openalex.org/W2169981626","https://openalex.org/W2963147845","https://openalex.org/W6652609139"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2911618306","https://openalex.org/W3211400510","https://openalex.org/W2065312473","https://openalex.org/W2168166147","https://openalex.org/W2971152808","https://openalex.org/W1914681266","https://openalex.org/W2950619911","https://openalex.org/W2145109236","https://openalex.org/W2000779200","https://openalex.org/W2806249608"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cascading":[0],"failures":[1,24],"are":[2,32,48],"the":[3,20,53,64,75,85,94,99,105,122,125,134,146,149,155],"typical":[4],"reasons":[5],"of":[6,22,39,41,67,108,124,133,148],"blackouts":[7],"in":[8,18,25,88,159],"power":[9,26,42,68,90,109,113,138,161],"grids.":[10,27,43,69],"The":[11,142],"grid":[12,54],"topology":[13],"plays":[14],"an":[15],"important":[16],"role":[17],"determining":[19],"dynamics":[21],"cascading":[23],"Measures":[28],"for":[29,104],"vulnerability":[30,81,131],"analysis":[31],"crucial":[33],"to":[34,51,62,83,117,153],"assure":[35],"a":[36,73,80,89,129,160],"higher":[37],"level":[38],"robustness":[40],"Metrics":[44],"from":[45],"Complex":[46],"Networks":[47],"widely":[49],"used":[50],"investigate":[52],"vulnerability.":[55],"Yet,":[56],"these":[57],"purely":[58,96],"topological":[59,97],"metrics":[60],"fail":[61],"capture":[63],"real":[65],"behaviour":[66],"This":[70],"paper":[71],"proposes":[72],"metric,":[74],"effective":[76,100,126,150],"graph":[77,101,127,151],"resistance,":[78,128],"as":[79,112],"measure":[82],"determine":[84],"critical":[86,156],"components":[87],"grid.":[91,162],"Differently":[92],"than":[93],"existing":[95],"measures,":[98],"resistance":[102,152],"accounts":[103],"electrical":[106],"properties":[107],"grids":[110],"such":[111],"flow":[114],"allocation":[115],"according":[116],"Kirchoff":[118],"laws.":[119],"To":[120],"demonstrate":[121],"applicability":[123],"quantitative":[130],"assessment":[132],"IEEE":[135],"118":[136],"buses":[137],"system":[139],"is":[140],"performed.":[141],"simulation":[143],"results":[144],"verify":[145],"effectiveness":[147],"identify":[154],"transmission":[157],"lines":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
