{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156628683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnsc.2008.4525343","title":"Hiding Facial Information in Color Image","display_name":"Hiding Facial Information in Color Image","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156628683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnsc.2008.4525343","mag":"2156628683"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnsc.2008.4525343","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnsc.2008.4525343","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033893320","display_name":"Pham The Bao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4847-4366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23582244","display_name":"Ho Chi Minh City University of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05jfbgm49","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123565023","https://openalex.org/I23582244"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pham The Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics & Computer Sciences Department, University of Natural Sciences, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics & Computer Sciences Department, University of Natural Sciences, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23582244"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048846335","display_name":"Nguyen Phuong Nam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23582244","display_name":"Ho Chi Minh City University of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05jfbgm49","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123565023","https://openalex.org/I23582244"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nguyen Phuong Nam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics & Computer Sciences Department, University of Natural Sciences, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics & Computer Sciences Department, University of Natural Sciences, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23582244"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013203830","display_name":"Hoang Nhat Quang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23582244","display_name":"Ho Chi Minh City University of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05jfbgm49","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123565023","https://openalex.org/I23582244"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoang Nhat Quang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics & Computer Sciences Department, University of Natural Sciences, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics & Computer Sciences Department, University of Natural Sciences, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23582244"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23582244"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22918959,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"895","last_page":"899"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.790648877620697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7333455681800842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grayscale","display_name":"Grayscale","score":0.7068400382995605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6825888156890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6755861043930054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-image","display_name":"Color image","score":0.5894807577133179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5297021865844727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-hiding","display_name":"Information hiding","score":0.5287575125694275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-significant-bit","display_name":"Least significant bit","score":0.5075341463088989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.46456021070480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.4528138041496277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3953172266483307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.3176327347755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1599702537059784}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.790648877620697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7333455681800842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78201319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grayscale","level":3,"score":0.7068400382995605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6825888156890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6755861043930054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142616399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5148604","display_name":"Color image","level":4,"score":0.5894807577133179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5297021865844727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.5287575125694275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4305246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3885225","display_name":"Least significant bit","level":2,"score":0.5075341463088989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.46456021070480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.4528138041496277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3953172266483307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.3176327347755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1599702537059784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnsc.2008.4525343","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnsc.2008.4525343","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2147318153","https://openalex.org/W2160100067","https://openalex.org/W2163369615"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2383287948","https://openalex.org/W2356840395","https://openalex.org/W2075652908","https://openalex.org/W2072037244","https://openalex.org/W2378350836","https://openalex.org/W2015044011","https://openalex.org/W3015267013","https://openalex.org/W2562072950","https://openalex.org/W2792489537","https://openalex.org/W2545325718"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"introduce":[4],"two":[5,171],"schemes":[6],"for":[7,63],"color":[8,47,97,166],"images":[9,98,167],"(including":[10],"gray":[11,44],"scale":[12,45],"fingerprint":[13],"images)":[14],"watermarking,":[15,99],"which":[16],"can":[17,69,125],"embed":[18,41],"facial":[19,89],"information":[20,42],"of":[21,37,80,108,130,138,165],"a":[22,81,127,152],"user":[23],"into":[24],"his/her":[25],"passport":[26],"or":[27],"ID":[28],"card":[29],"image.":[30,140],"Our":[31,122],"first":[32,101],"scheme":[33,51],"is":[34,77,85],"an":[35],"improvement":[36],"Hsu's":[38],"method":[39,102,124],"to":[40,55,72,158],"in":[43,96],"and":[46,145],"images.":[48],"The":[49,65],"other":[50],"applies":[52],"CPT":[53],"algorithm":[54],"matrixes":[56],"gathered":[57],"by":[58],"least":[59],"significant":[60,135],"bit":[61],"(lsb)":[62],"watermarking.":[64],"embedded":[66],"data":[67,131],"that":[68,84],"be":[70],"referred":[71],"as":[73,88],"the":[74,78,93,106,115,119,143,150,160],"digital":[75],"signature":[76],"features":[79],"face":[82,110],"image":[83,111],"often":[86],"known":[87],"information.":[90],"Compared":[91],"with":[92],"prior":[94],"works":[95],"our":[100,170],"not":[103],"only":[104],"preserves":[105],"quality":[107,136],"reconstructed":[109],"but":[112],"also":[113,174],"decreases":[114],"pixel-changed":[116],"ratio":[117],"during":[118],"embedding":[120],"process.":[121],"second":[123],"hide":[126],"large":[128],"number":[129],"bits":[132],"without":[133],"any":[134],"change":[137],"host":[139],"To":[141],"enhance":[142],"authentication":[144],"security":[146],"while":[147],"transferring":[148],"via":[149],"Internet,":[151],"public":[153],"key":[154],"cryptosystem":[155],"was":[156],"used":[157],"protect":[159],"secret":[161],"key.":[162],"Experimental":[163],"results":[164],"watermarking":[168],"using":[169],"methods":[172],"are":[173],"included.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}