{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309226874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnp55882.2022.9940261","title":"Synergy: A SmartNIC Accelerated 5G Dataplane and Monitor for Mobility Prediction","display_name":"Synergy: A SmartNIC Accelerated 5G Dataplane and Monitor for Mobility Prediction","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309226874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnp55882.2022.9940261"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnp55882.2022.9940261","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnp55882.2022.9940261","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 30th International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051742818","display_name":"Sourav Panda","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sourav Panda","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Riverside,CA","University of California, Riverside, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Riverside,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Riverside, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053712998","display_name":"K. K. Ramakrishnan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1849-5155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. K. Ramakrishnan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Riverside,CA","University of California, Riverside, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Riverside,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Riverside, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048949780","display_name":"Laxmi N. Bhuyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8759-0458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laxmi N. Bhuyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Riverside,CA","University of California, Riverside, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Riverside,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Riverside, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051742818"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2432,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80694484,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handover","display_name":"Handover","score":0.8190675973892212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.798918604850769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forwarding-plane","display_name":"Forwarding plane","score":0.7629586458206177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paging","display_name":"Paging","score":0.6992044448852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6910163760185242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6432085037231445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.6142818927764893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core-network","display_name":"Core network","score":0.4628652036190033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host","display_name":"Host (biology)","score":0.4268915057182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/packet-loss","display_name":"Packet loss","score":0.41916516423225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3458544611930847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111852164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414679","display_name":"Handover","level":2,"score":0.8190675973892212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.798918604850769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10597312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5473302","display_name":"Forwarding plane","level":3,"score":0.7629586458206177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50954386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q656083","display_name":"Paging","level":2,"score":0.6992044448852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6910163760185242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6432085037231445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.6142818927764893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5038329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142907","display_name":"Core network","level":2,"score":0.4628652036190033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126831891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221673","display_name":"Host (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4268915057182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54108766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391064","display_name":"Packet loss","level":3,"score":0.41916516423225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3458544611930847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnp55882.2022.9940261","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnp55882.2022.9940261","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 30th International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3793920069","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CRI-1823270,CSR-1763929","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993284846","https://openalex.org/W2121083281","https://openalex.org/W2144127235","https://openalex.org/W2744693751","https://openalex.org/W2760948241","https://openalex.org/W2968450015","https://openalex.org/W2979174067","https://openalex.org/W2980970610","https://openalex.org/W3017194848","https://openalex.org/W3020339652","https://openalex.org/W3046899194","https://openalex.org/W3082986703","https://openalex.org/W3101846778","https://openalex.org/W3108948262","https://openalex.org/W3114506661","https://openalex.org/W3132848370","https://openalex.org/W3139438268","https://openalex.org/W3179664675","https://openalex.org/W3211913575","https://openalex.org/W3216105720","https://openalex.org/W4200259454","https://openalex.org/W4210696663","https://openalex.org/W4214682830","https://openalex.org/W6681892299","https://openalex.org/W6776440900"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1867121152","https://openalex.org/W2148873835","https://openalex.org/W2350131590","https://openalex.org/W1904017904","https://openalex.org/W2030857781","https://openalex.org/W2046598715","https://openalex.org/W2103369849","https://openalex.org/W2012650292","https://openalex.org/W2170011469","https://openalex.org/W4391149073"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,100],"5G":[1,27,66],"user":[2,88,98],"plane":[3,41,219],"function":[4],"(UPF)":[5],"is":[6],"a":[7,64,114,124],"critical":[8,85],"inter-connection":[9],"point":[10],"between":[11,233],"the":[12,21,26,56,91,149,156,187,191,226],"data":[13,86,105,138],"network":[14,17,172],"and":[15,75,93,109,137,140,158,195,235],"cellular":[16],"infrastructure.":[18],"It":[19,78],"governs":[20],"packet":[22,143,199],"processing":[23],"performance":[24,53],"of":[25,55,58,95,128,225],"core":[28,160],"network.":[29],"UPFs":[30,44],"also":[31,79],"need":[32],"to":[33,36,83,207,210],"be":[34],"flexible":[35],"support":[37],"several":[38],"key":[39],"control":[40,136,218],"operations.":[42],"Existing":[43],"typically":[45],"run":[46],"on":[47,69,87,167],"general-purpose":[48],"CPUs,":[49],"but":[50],"have":[51],"limited":[52],"because":[54,224],"overheads":[57],"host-based":[59],"forwarding.":[60,144],"We":[61],"design":[62],"Synergy,":[63],"novel":[65],"UPF":[67,102,157],"running":[68],"SmartNICs":[70],"that":[71],"provides":[72],"high":[73,141],"throughput":[74,142],"low":[76,133,227],"latency.":[77,184],"supports":[80],"monitoring":[81],"functionality":[82],"gather":[84],"sessions":[89],"for":[90,123,135],"prediction":[92,146],"optimization":[94],"handovers":[96,223],"during":[97,107,193],"mobility.":[99],"SmartNIC":[101,234],"efficiently":[103],"buffers":[104],"packets":[106],"handover":[108,150,164,183,196],"paging":[110,194],"events":[111,197],"by":[112,152,202],"using":[113],"two-level":[115],"flow-state":[116,122],"access":[117],"mechanism.":[118],"This":[119],"enables":[120],"maintaining":[121],"very":[125,132],"large":[126],"number":[127],"flows,":[129],"thus":[130],"providing":[131],"latency":[134,229],"planes":[139],"Mobility":[145],"can":[147],"reduce":[148],"delay":[151],"pre-populating":[153],"state":[154],"in":[155,186],"other":[159],"NFs.":[161],"Synergy":[162,215],"performs":[163],"predictions":[165],"based":[166],"an":[168],"existing":[169],"recurrent":[170],"neural":[171],"model.":[173],"Synergy's":[174],"mobility":[175],"predictor":[176],"helps":[177],"us":[178],"achieve":[179],"2.32\u00d7":[180],"lower":[181],"average":[182],"Buffering":[185],"SmartNIC,":[188],"rather":[189],"than":[190],"host,":[192],"reduces":[198],"loss":[200],"rate":[201],"at":[203],"least":[204],"2.04\u00d7.":[205],"Compared":[206],"previous":[208],"approaches":[209],"building":[211],"programmable":[212],"switch-based":[213],"UPFs,":[214],"speeds":[216],"up":[217],"operations":[220],"such":[221],"as":[222],"P4-programming":[228],"leveraging":[230],"tight":[231],"coupling":[232],"host.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}