{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2119407531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnp.2003.1249782","title":"Establishing pairwise keys for secure communication in ad hoc networks: a probabilistic approach","display_name":"Establishing pairwise keys for secure communication in ad hoc networks: a probabilistic approach","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2119407531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnp.2003.1249782","mag":"2119407531"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnp.2003.1249782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnp.2003.1249782","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"11th IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols, 2003. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101952501","display_name":"Sencun Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1047-7967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sencun Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Secure Information Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","[Center for secure Information Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Secure Information Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Center for secure Information Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019179799","display_name":"Shouhuai Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-0942"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45438204","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd65564","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shouhuai Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Texas, San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA","University of California, Irvine, USA","University of Texas at San Antonio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Texas, San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Irvine, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at San Antonio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000181158","display_name":"Sanjeev Setia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjeev Setia","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Mason University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Mason University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010727123","display_name":"Sushil Jajodia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3210-558X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sushil Jajodia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Secure Information Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","George Mason University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Secure Information Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Mason University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.3898,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":345,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99646165,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"326","last_page":"335"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.82099449634552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6717296838760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.5735440254211426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5458389520645142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5431863069534302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5315670371055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5139181613922119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5110477209091187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.48818475008010864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution","display_name":"Key distribution","score":0.47584840655326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.47025004029273987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.4562077224254608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-protocol","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","score":0.4498535394668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secret-sharing","display_name":"Secret sharing","score":0.4431134760379791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimized-link-state-routing-protocol","display_name":"Optimized Link State Routing Protocol","score":0.41140830516815186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.373985230922699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3165675401687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.2701350748538971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.20227229595184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.12394216656684875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.82099449634552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6717296838760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.5735440254211426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5458389520645142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5431863069534302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5315670371055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5139181613922119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5110477209091187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.48818475008010864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160333310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398153","display_name":"Key distribution","level":4,"score":0.47584840655326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.47025004029273987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.4562077224254608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33884865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254335","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","level":3,"score":0.4498535394668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3087436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1386603","display_name":"Secret sharing","level":3,"score":0.4431134760379791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204739117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368373","display_name":"Optimized Link State Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.41140830516815186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.373985230922699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3165675401687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.2701350748538971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.20227229595184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.12394216656684875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnp.2003.1249782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnp.2003.1249782","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"11th IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols, 2003. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.106.530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.106.530","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ieee-icnp.org/2003/papers/10-1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.13.6310","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.13.6310","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ise.gmu.edu/techrep/2003/03_01.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.57.6325","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.57.6325","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://mason.gmu.edu/~szhu1/./pke.ps","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332688","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513792956","https://openalex.org/W1524814392","https://openalex.org/W1590395676","https://openalex.org/W1635413415","https://openalex.org/W1964378537","https://openalex.org/W2001779588","https://openalex.org/W2014772227","https://openalex.org/W2033751220","https://openalex.org/W2037515303","https://openalex.org/W2058129511","https://openalex.org/W2088379485","https://openalex.org/W2092148937","https://openalex.org/W2099042427","https://openalex.org/W2102258543","https://openalex.org/W2103927182","https://openalex.org/W2116269350","https://openalex.org/W2117362057","https://openalex.org/W2117984332","https://openalex.org/W2127699957","https://openalex.org/W2130058894","https://openalex.org/W2140372921","https://openalex.org/W2141420453","https://openalex.org/W2146973388","https://openalex.org/W2147335449","https://openalex.org/W2163943736","https://openalex.org/W2164604747","https://openalex.org/W2180989652","https://openalex.org/W3211513184","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4299402001","https://openalex.org/W6631292286","https://openalex.org/W6659659274","https://openalex.org/W6844361458"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350695503","https://openalex.org/W4328132745","https://openalex.org/W2242943567","https://openalex.org/W2373615212","https://openalex.org/W3141091833","https://openalex.org/W2545146007","https://openalex.org/W2245180907","https://openalex.org/W2906840093","https://openalex.org/W2033349397","https://openalex.org/W2129711340"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"prerequisite":[1],"for":[2,169],"a":[3,19,31,42,67,92,120,133,139,149],"secure":[4,131],"communication":[5],"between":[6,124],"two":[7,38,71,125],"nodes":[8,17,39,126],"in":[9],"an":[10],"ad":[11],"hoc":[12],"network":[13,100],"is":[14,64,83,104,130],"that":[15,36,119,153],"the":[16,47,51,99,161,170],"share":[18],"key":[20,45,56,75,113,122],"to":[21,40,90,138,159],"bootstrap":[22],"their":[23],"trust":[24],"relationship.":[25],"In":[26],"this":[27],"paper,":[28],"we":[29],"present":[30],"scalable":[32,84],"and":[33,77,102,167],"distributed":[34],"protocol":[35,63,82,129,155],"enables":[37],"establish":[41],"pairwise":[43,121],"shared":[44],"on":[46,66,111],"fly,":[48],"without":[49],"requiring":[50],"use":[52],"of":[53,61,70,95,98,142,151,164],"any":[54],"on-line":[55],"distribution":[57],"center.":[58],"The":[59],"design":[60],"our":[62,128,154],"based":[65,115],"novel":[68],"combination":[69],"techniques":[72],"-":[73],"probabilistic":[74],"sharing":[76],"threshold":[78],"secret":[79],"sharing.":[80],"Our":[81],"since":[85],"every":[86],"node":[87],"only":[88,109],"needs":[89],"possess":[91],"small":[93],"number":[94,141],"keys,":[96],"independent":[97],"size,":[101],"it":[103,108],"computationally":[105],"efficient":[106],"because":[107],"relies":[110],"symmetric":[112],"cryptography":[114],"operations.":[116],"We":[117,145],"show":[118,147],"established":[123],"using":[127],"against":[132],"collusion":[134],"attack":[135],"by":[136],"up":[137],"certain":[140],"compromised":[143],"nodes.":[144],"also":[146],"through":[148],"set":[150],"simulations":[152],"can":[156],"be":[157],"parameterized":[158],"meet":[160],"desired":[162],"levels":[163],"performance,":[165],"security":[166],"storage":[168],"application":[171],"under":[172],"consideration.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":17}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
