{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1505969328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnn.1988.23875","title":"A self-learning threshold-controlled neural network","display_name":"A self-learning threshold-controlled neural network","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1505969328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnn.1988.23875","mag":"1505969328"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnn.1988.23875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnn.1988.23875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306512819","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097529267","display_name":"Hartstein","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hartstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","[IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY , USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY , USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100554848","display_name":"Koch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114115","display_name":"IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0265w5591","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koch","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","[IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY , USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY , USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5097529267"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5287,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61538462,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"iii","issue":null,"first_page":"425","last_page":"430 vol.1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplicative-function","display_name":"Multiplicative function","score":0.7449305653572083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.7349098920822144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6658812761306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5883480310440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5834418535232544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-cognition","display_name":"Embodied cognition","score":0.507611870765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hopfield-network","display_name":"Hopfield network","score":0.5038384795188904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.4168986678123474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type","display_name":"Type (biology)","score":0.41164663434028625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.36421093344688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18902543187141418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.16143041849136353}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42747912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048447","display_name":"Multiplicative function","level":2,"score":0.7449305653572083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.7349098920822144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6658812761306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5883480310440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5834418535232544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.507611870765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46421273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407668","display_name":"Hopfield network","level":3,"score":0.5038384795188904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.4168986678123474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777299769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707858","display_name":"Type (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41164663434028625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.36421093344688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18902543187141418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.16143041849136353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnn.1988.23875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnn.1988.23875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306512819","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2128084896"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2380179524","https://openalex.org/W4283365723","https://openalex.org/W2963001125","https://openalex.org/W2091233881","https://openalex.org/W2352366064","https://openalex.org/W4250820896","https://openalex.org/W2124102101","https://openalex.org/W4250305970","https://openalex.org/W1484550171","https://openalex.org/W2333383158"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"neural":[1],"network":[2,17,33],"structure":[3],"is":[4,7,25,34],"proposed":[5],"that":[6,21],"controlled":[8],"by":[9,41],"device":[10,30],"thresholds":[11],"rather":[12],"than":[13],"multiplicative":[14],"factors.":[15],"This":[16],"has":[18],"the":[19,22,29,51],"feature":[20],"learning":[23,40],"parameter":[24],"embodied":[26],"locally":[27],"in":[28],"thresholds.":[31],"The":[32],"shown":[35],"to":[36],"be":[37],"capable":[38],"of":[39,50],"example,":[42],"as":[43,45],"well":[44],"exhibiting":[46],"other":[47],"desirable":[48],"features":[49],"Hopfield":[52],"type":[53],"networks.<":[54],"<ETX":[55],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[56],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">&gt;</ETX>":[57]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
