{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4360604995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnc57223.2023.10074247","title":"Using Blockchain for Decentralized Artificial Intelligence with Data Privacy","display_name":"Using Blockchain for Decentralized Artificial Intelligence with Data Privacy","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4360604995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnc57223.2023.10074247"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnc57223.2023.10074247","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnc57223.2023.10074247","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017462372","display_name":"Anand Surendra Masurkar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43522216","display_name":"California State University, Sacramento","ror":"https://ror.org/03e26wv14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anand Surendra Masurkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["California State University,Department of Computer Science,Sacramento,CA,USA,95819"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University,Department of Computer Science,Sacramento,CA,USA,95819","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033228757","display_name":"Xiaoyan Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2672-1159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43522216","display_name":"California State University, Sacramento","ror":"https://ror.org/03e26wv14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyan Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["California State University,Department of Computer Science,Sacramento,CA,USA,95819"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University,Department of Computer Science,Sacramento,CA,USA,95819","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084217251","display_name":"Jun Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6890-6429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43522216","display_name":"California State University, Sacramento","ror":"https://ror.org/03e26wv14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["California State University,Department of Computer Science,Sacramento,CA,USA,95819"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University,Department of Computer Science,Sacramento,CA,USA,95819","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.656,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8581178,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"195","last_page":"201"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8424258828163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8190814256668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.5909640789031982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.5309545397758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-contract","display_name":"Smart contract","score":0.5200866460800171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.5138626098632812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upload","display_name":"Upload","score":0.5040596723556519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decentralization","display_name":"Decentralization","score":0.49260860681533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.47566384077072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federated-learning","display_name":"Federated learning","score":0.46596720814704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-database","display_name":"Distributed database","score":0.4415241479873657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.42822733521461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4230569005012512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middleware","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","score":0.41201600432395935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38757964968681335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.23829665780067444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.16921541094779968}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8424258828163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8190814256668091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5909640789031982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.5309545397758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779950589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7544035","display_name":"Smart contract","level":3,"score":0.5200866460800171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.5138626098632812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71901391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126699","display_name":"Upload","level":2,"score":0.5040596723556519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136810230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188961","display_name":"Decentralization","level":2,"score":0.49260860681533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.47566384077072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992525071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671","display_name":"Federated learning","level":2,"score":0.46596720814704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70061542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989016","display_name":"Distributed database","level":2,"score":0.4415241479873657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.42822733521461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4230569005012512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169468491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146923","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","level":2,"score":0.41201600432395935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38757964968681335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.23829665780067444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.16921541094779968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnc57223.2023.10074247","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnc57223.2023.10074247","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538472072","https://openalex.org/W2001619934","https://openalex.org/W2541884796","https://openalex.org/W2726092462","https://openalex.org/W2900319533","https://openalex.org/W2912213068","https://openalex.org/W3013124972","https://openalex.org/W3014517104","https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W3156226702","https://openalex.org/W3201807537","https://openalex.org/W4292084264","https://openalex.org/W4318619660","https://openalex.org/W6650842192","https://openalex.org/W6740443968","https://openalex.org/W6802006920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953234277","https://openalex.org/W2626256601","https://openalex.org/W2900413183","https://openalex.org/W147410782","https://openalex.org/W3022252430","https://openalex.org/W3103989898","https://openalex.org/W4287804464","https://openalex.org/W803346624","https://openalex.org/W2152352598","https://openalex.org/W4385847620"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"Intelligence":[1],"(AI)":[2],"solutions":[3],"require":[4,78],"model":[5,80,181,197],"training,":[6],"which":[7,70,112,131],"traditionally":[8],"needs":[9],"local":[10],"datasets":[11],"to":[12,15,46,77,126,143,164,194,206],"be":[13],"uploaded":[14],"a":[16,62,115,124,144],"centralized":[17,20],"server.":[18,87],"However,":[19],"learning":[21,76,101],"usually":[22],"creates":[23],"issues":[24],"in":[25,99,109,130,151],"terms":[26],"of":[27,105,140],"data":[28,30,33,49,52,136,159,185,204,208,215],"privacy,":[29],"control,":[31],"and":[32,56,119,162],"security.":[34],"To":[35],"address":[36],"these":[37],"issues,":[38],"decentralized":[39,57,64,74,166],"AI,":[40],"especially":[41],"federated":[42,75,100,152],"learning,":[43],"is":[44,113],"proposed":[45],"achieve":[47],"no":[48,79],"sharing":[50],"or":[51,82],"exchange":[53],"across":[54],"servers":[55],"devices.":[58],"This":[59,201],"paper":[60],"proposes":[61],"new":[63],"AI":[65,210],"paradigm":[66],"based":[67],"on":[68,84,135,158,175],"blockchain,":[69],"goes":[71],"beyond":[72],"the":[73,96,103,128,165,196],"pooling":[81],"orchestrating":[83],"any":[85],"central":[86,97,145],"That":[88],"is,":[89],"we":[90],"propose":[91],"further":[92],"decentralization":[93],"by":[94],"dismissing":[95],"or-chestrator":[98],"through":[102],"usage":[104],"blockchain":[106,167],"(e.g.,":[107],"Ethereum":[108,176],"this":[110,171],"paper),":[111],"inherently":[114],"decentralized,":[116],"distributed,":[117],"peer-to-peer":[118],"autonomous":[120],"mechanism.":[121],"We":[122],"implemented":[123],"prototype":[125],"demonstrate":[127],"idea,":[129],"models":[132,142,154],"are":[133,155,187],"trained":[134,156],"contributors\u2019":[137,160],"ends.":[138],"Instead":[139],"moving":[141],"place":[146],"for":[147,168,180,191,209],"combining":[148],"(such":[149],"as":[150],"learning),":[153],"independently":[157],"sides,":[161],"flow":[163],"updating.":[169],"In":[170,183],"process,":[172],"smart":[173],"contracts":[174],"provide":[177,207],"specifications":[178],"required":[179],"creation.":[182],"addition,":[184],"contributors":[186,205],"rewarded":[188],"Ether":[189],"coins":[190],"their":[192,199,214],"contributions":[193],"train":[195],"with":[198],"data.":[200],"also":[202],"incentivizes":[203],"training":[211],"while":[212],"protecting":[213],"privacy.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
