{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2022527378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2014.6975985","title":"The k-splittable flow model and a heuristic algorithm for minimizing congestion in the MPLS networks","display_name":"The k-splittable flow model and a heuristic algorithm for minimizing congestion in the MPLS networks","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2022527378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2014.6975985","mag":"2022527378"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnc.2014.6975985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2014.6975985","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 10th International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040643167","display_name":"Chengwen Jiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chengwen Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, People's Republic of China","School of Mathematical Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084332010","display_name":"Wenguo Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8441-7334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenguo Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, People's Republic of China","School of Mathematical Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008469096","display_name":"Suixiang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-5091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suixiang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, People's Republic of China","School of Mathematical Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019928403","display_name":"Yinben Xia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinben Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Co. LTD Beijing, People's Republic of China","Huawei Technologies Co. LTD, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co. LTD Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co. LTD, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036129947","display_name":"Mingming Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingming Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Co. LTD Beijing, People's Republic of China","Huawei Technologies Co. LTD, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co. LTD Beijing, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co. LTD, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040643167"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8373,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76847427,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1050","last_page":"1055"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiprotocol-label-switching","display_name":"Multiprotocol Label Switching","score":0.8555694818496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7594068050384521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.7147124409675598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.6307637691497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6086305975914001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.5486661791801453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5139052867889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.46463894844055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/label-switching","display_name":"Label switching","score":0.4629453420639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.4341232180595398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4088455140590668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3672569990158081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11853161454200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0707210898399353}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129880937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677023","display_name":"Multiprotocol Label Switching","level":3,"score":0.8555694818496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7594068050384521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.7147124409675598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.6307637691497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6086305975914001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5486661791801453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5139052867889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.46463894844055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123467649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1799397","display_name":"Label switching","level":4,"score":0.4629453420639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4341232180595398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4088455140590668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3672569990158081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11853161454200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0707210898399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnc.2014.6975985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2014.6975985","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 10th International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497940902","https://openalex.org/W1966258309","https://openalex.org/W1969620795","https://openalex.org/W1997593628","https://openalex.org/W2086260323","https://openalex.org/W2087284990","https://openalex.org/W2088904132","https://openalex.org/W2090359754","https://openalex.org/W2107700597","https://openalex.org/W2169528473","https://openalex.org/W2620799147","https://openalex.org/W2735337572","https://openalex.org/W6629595610","https://openalex.org/W6738565912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384084500","https://openalex.org/W2384267664","https://openalex.org/W2182595918","https://openalex.org/W1503430025","https://openalex.org/W2490022426","https://openalex.org/W2108507316","https://openalex.org/W27900349","https://openalex.org/W2512889860","https://openalex.org/W1512332915","https://openalex.org/W1517354572"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,118],"the":[1,7,13,18,22,27,30,34,45,51,53,62,68,77,80,94,119,121,134],"multiple":[2],"protocol":[3],"label-switched":[4,14],"(MPLS)":[5],"networks,":[6],"commodities":[8],"(packets)":[9],"are":[10,124],"transmitted":[11],"by":[12],"paths":[15,37,108],"(LSPs).":[16],"For":[17,43,84],"sake":[19],"of":[20,36,47,50,55,67,79,129,136],"reducing":[21],"total":[23],"cost":[24],"and":[25,96,112],"strengthening":[26],"central":[28],"management,":[29],"MPLS":[31],"networks":[32],"restrict":[33],"number":[35],"that":[38],"a":[39,102,127],"commodity":[40,57],"can":[41],"use.":[42],"maintaining":[44],"quality":[46],"service":[48],"(QoS)":[49],"users,":[52],"demand":[54],"each":[56,110],"must":[58],"be":[59,71],"satisfied.":[60],"Under":[61],"above":[63],"conditions,":[64],"some":[65],"links":[66],"network":[69,82],"may":[70],"too":[72],"much":[73],"loaded,":[74],"which":[75,105],"affecting":[76],"performance":[78],"whole":[81],"drastically.":[83],"this":[85],"problem,":[86],"we":[87,100],"first":[88],"establish":[89],"two":[90],"mathematical":[91],"models,":[92],"namely":[93],"arc-path":[95],"arc-flow":[97],"model.":[98],"Second,":[99],"design":[101],"heuristic":[103],"algorithm":[104],"quickly":[106],"finds":[107],"for":[109,116],"commodity,":[111],"then":[113],"allocate":[114],"demands":[115],"them.":[117],"last,":[120],"computational":[122],"results":[123],"tested":[125],"on":[126],"set":[128],"medium-sized":[130],"instances":[131],"to":[132],"show":[133],"effectiveness":[135],"our":[137],"approach.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
