{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2088631562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2013.6818134","title":"Smart mobile phone based gait assessment of patients with low back pain","display_name":"Smart mobile phone based gait assessment of patients with low back pain","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2088631562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2013.6818134","mag":"2088631562"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnc.2013.6818134","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2013.6818134","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 Ninth International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000093722","display_name":"Herman Chan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Herman Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing and Engineering, University of Ulster, Belfast, UK","Faculty of Computing and Engineering University of Ulster, Belfast, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Engineering, University of Ulster, Belfast, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Engineering University of Ulster, Belfast, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024401909","display_name":"Huiru Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-8709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huiru Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing and Engineering, University of Ulster, Belfast, UK","Faculty of Computing and Engineering University of Ulster, Belfast, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Engineering, University of Ulster, Belfast, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Engineering University of Ulster, Belfast, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100379058","display_name":"Haiying Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8358-9065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiying Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing and Engineering, University of Ulster, Belfast, UK","Faculty of Computing and Engineering University of Ulster, Belfast, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Engineering, University of Ulster, Belfast, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Engineering University of Ulster, Belfast, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034643563","display_name":"Roy Sterritt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4035-9363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roy Sterritt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing and Engineering, University of Ulster, Belfast, UK","Faculty of Computing and Engineering University of Ulster, Belfast, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Engineering, University of Ulster, Belfast, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Engineering University of Ulster, Belfast, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089074938","display_name":"David Newell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1462-3586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200358475","display_name":"Health Sciences University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rd8mf35","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200358475"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dave Newell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anglo-European College of Chiropractic, Bournemouth, UK","Anglo\u2010European College of Chiropractic, Bournemouth, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anglo-European College of Chiropractic, Bournemouth, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200358475"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anglo\u2010European College of Chiropractic, Bournemouth, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200358475"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000093722"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.20603783,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6094464,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1062","last_page":"1066"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11227","display_name":"Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11227","display_name":"Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9776999950408936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.9351092576980591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intraclass-correlation","display_name":"Intraclass correlation","score":0.6797072887420654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6760952472686768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-phone","display_name":"Mobile phone","score":0.6040999293327332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.5177564024925232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait","display_name":"Gait","score":0.4870641529560089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4629581570625305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-phone","display_name":"Smart phone","score":0.45776063203811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.44806942343711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait-analysis","display_name":"Gait analysis","score":0.43107306957244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.42576146125793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.41797104477882385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.33679187297821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.23620864748954773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1207830011844635}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.9351092576980591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104709138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671540","display_name":"Intraclass correlation","level":3,"score":0.6797072887420654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6760952472686768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777421447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Mobile phone","level":2,"score":0.6040999293327332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.5177564024925232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.4870641529560089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4629581570625305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984771860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22645","display_name":"Smart phone","level":2,"score":0.45776063203811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.44806942343711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173906292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1493441","display_name":"Gait analysis","level":3,"score":0.43107306957244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.42576146125793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.41797104477882385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.33679187297821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.23620864748954773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1207830011844635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icnc.2013.6818134","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2013.6818134","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 Ninth International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310403","display_name":"Department for Employment and Learning, Northern Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/05w9mt194"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571402922","https://openalex.org/W1655556651","https://openalex.org/W1679846099","https://openalex.org/W1972978214","https://openalex.org/W1978108526","https://openalex.org/W2014047279","https://openalex.org/W2062273853","https://openalex.org/W2088603369","https://openalex.org/W2095038611","https://openalex.org/W2109277803","https://openalex.org/W2121807025","https://openalex.org/W2122365325","https://openalex.org/W2133990480","https://openalex.org/W2134020192","https://openalex.org/W2141403362","https://openalex.org/W2149706766","https://openalex.org/W4235852997","https://openalex.org/W4236137412","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W6636992151","https://openalex.org/W6654077957"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765080098","https://openalex.org/W2385749422","https://openalex.org/W2355290145","https://openalex.org/W2353465659","https://openalex.org/W2009888974","https://openalex.org/W2355539379","https://openalex.org/W2056341223","https://openalex.org/W3023105672","https://openalex.org/W4231410700","https://openalex.org/W1557333606"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smart":[0],"mobile":[1],"phones":[2],"have":[3,11],"become":[4],"a":[5,27,33,55,69],"ubiquitous":[6],"device":[7],"that":[8,85,152,257,271],"many":[9],"people":[10,86],"access":[12],"to":[13,36,103,112,128,192,209,247],"and":[14,46,82,116,134,251,260,268,278],"are":[15,174],"commonly":[16],"used":[17,274],"in":[18,92],"daily":[19],"living.":[20],"This":[21,62],"paper":[22],"explores":[23],"the":[24,37,49,51,65,79,104,107,114,118,146,159,163,178,194,197,201,217,230,258],"iPhone":[25,164,182,231,259],"as":[26],"device,":[28],"which":[29],"can":[30,155,222,234,264,272],"potentially":[31],"be":[32,138,156,223,235,273],"feasible":[34],"alternative":[35],"conventional":[38],"methods":[39,173],"of":[40,78,106,120,168,180,219],"data":[41],"collection":[42],"for":[43,275],"gait":[44,142,276],"analysis":[45],"assessment.":[47],"Within":[48],"iPhone,":[50],"internal":[52],"accelerometer":[53],"is":[54,95,110,242],"micro":[56],"electro-mechanical":[57],"system":[58],"(MEMS)":[59],"based":[60,140],"sensor.":[61],"study":[63,227],"compared":[64],"phone":[66,262],"sensor":[67],"against":[68],"commercial":[70],"standalone":[71],"accelerometer,":[72,165,232],"Minimod":[73],"developed":[74],"by":[75,145],"McRoberts.":[76],"One":[77],"most":[80],"common":[81],"costly":[83],"conditions":[84],"may":[87],"encounter":[88],"at":[89],"one":[90],"point":[91],"their":[93],"lives":[94],"non-specific":[96],"chronic":[97],"low":[98],"back":[99],"pain":[100],"(nscLBP).":[101],"Due":[102],"nature":[105],"condition,":[108],"it":[109],"difficult":[111],"determine":[113,129,193,210],"aetiology":[115],"assess":[117],"status":[119],"recovery.":[121],"Machine":[122],"learning":[123],"(ML)":[124],"algorithms":[125],"were":[126,190,213],"implemented":[127],"whether":[130,211],"patients":[131],"with":[132,166,238,244],"LBP":[133],"healthy":[135],"controls":[136],"could":[137],"classified":[139],"on":[141],"characteristics":[143],"recorded":[144],"smart":[147,261],"phone.":[148],"The":[149,254],"results":[150],"show":[151],"85.7%":[153],"accuracy":[154,246],"achieved":[157,243],"from":[158,162,200,225],"features":[160,198,212,233],"extracted":[161,199,237],"improvements":[167],"88.8%":[169],"when":[170],"feature":[171],"selection":[172],"applied.":[175],"To":[176],"investigate":[177],"feasibility":[179],"using":[181,229],"embedded":[183],"MEMS":[184],"sensors,":[185],"intraclass":[186],"correlation":[187],"coefficient":[188],"(ICC)":[189],"performed":[191],"agreement":[195],"between":[196,216,249],"portable":[202],"devices.":[203],"A":[204],"Mann-Whitney":[205],"U-Test":[206],"was":[207],"employed":[208],"significantly":[214],"different":[215],"groups":[218],"subjects.":[220],"It":[221],"concluded":[224],"this":[226],"that,":[228],"successfully":[236],"high":[239],"agreement.":[240],"Classification":[241],"significant":[245],"differentiate":[248],"patient":[250],"control":[252],"groups.":[253],"experiments":[255],"demonstrate":[256],"equivalents":[263],"provide":[265],"an":[266],"accurate":[267],"precise":[269],"measurement":[270],"assessment":[277],"analysis.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}