{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2901362020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2018.8526958","title":"Vehicles Detection On Expressway Via Deep Learning: Single Shot Multibox Object Detector","display_name":"Vehicles Detection On Expressway Via Deep Learning: Single Shot Multibox Object Detector","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2901362020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2018.8526958","mag":"2901362020"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icmlc.2018.8526958","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2018.8526958","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047829257","display_name":"Kuang-Hsuan Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22442739","display_name":"University of Taipei","ror":"https://ror.org/039e7bg24","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22442739"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kuang-Hsuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Taipei, Taiwan, ROC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Taipei, Taiwan, ROC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22442739"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030761106","display_name":"Tawei David Shou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22442739","display_name":"University of Taipei","ror":"https://ror.org/039e7bg24","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22442739"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tawei David Shou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Taipei, Taiwan, ROC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Taipei, Taiwan, ROC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22442739"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073802705","display_name":"John Kun-Han Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22442739","display_name":"University of Taipei","ror":"https://ror.org/039e7bg24","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22442739"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Kun-Han Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Taipei, Taiwan, ROC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Taipei, Taiwan, ROC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22442739"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112272795","display_name":"Chun-Ming Tsai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22442739","display_name":"University of Taipei","ror":"https://ror.org/039e7bg24","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22442739"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun-Ming Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Taipei, Taiwan, ROC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Taipei, Taiwan, ROC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22442739"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047829257"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22442739"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3134,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6317164,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"467","last_page":"473"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.7436050176620483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.7309831976890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.7270922064781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7098163366317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.655249834060669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-shot","display_name":"Single shot","score":0.6552399396896362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shot","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","score":0.572867214679718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5423129796981812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-shot","display_name":"One shot","score":0.47795772552490234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.44454923272132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.32533949613571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.2024652063846588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1689920425415039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15297886729240417}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.7436050176620483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.7309831976890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.7270922064781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7098163366317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.655249834060669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019835501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1310130","display_name":"Single shot","level":2,"score":0.6552399396896362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778344882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278938","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","level":2,"score":0.572867214679718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5423129796981812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992734406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413267","display_name":"One shot","level":2,"score":0.47795772552490234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.44454923272132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.32533949613571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2024652063846588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1689920425415039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15297886729240417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icmlc.2018.8526958","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2018.8526958","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1969977005","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2127070222","https://openalex.org/W2130293653","https://openalex.org/W2141572457","https://openalex.org/W2418459680","https://openalex.org/W2512785428","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2590333664","https://openalex.org/W2613718673","https://openalex.org/W2771079624","https://openalex.org/W2787442091","https://openalex.org/W2788055254","https://openalex.org/W2794829877","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W4248936881","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6731892127","https://openalex.org/W6733894246","https://openalex.org/W6748502116","https://openalex.org/W6785652829"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3142396426","https://openalex.org/W2471333042","https://openalex.org/W2497720472","https://openalex.org/W4292659306","https://openalex.org/W2955491601","https://openalex.org/W2949096641","https://openalex.org/W4396643691","https://openalex.org/W146529714","https://openalex.org/W4402383816","https://openalex.org/W2316500695"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nowadays,":[0],"the":[1,11,26,32,35,52,62,66,69,86,105,114,122],"growing":[2],"number":[3],"of":[4,51,59],"vehicles":[5,33,101,120],"in":[6,79,102],"Taiwan,":[7],"traffic":[8],"jams":[9],"on":[10,14,34],"expressway,":[12],"especially":[13],"holidays,":[15],"and":[16,61,68,97],"during":[17],"rush":[18],"hours":[19],"are":[20],"increasing.":[21],"To":[22],"solve":[23],"this":[24],"problem,":[25],"first":[27],"requirement":[28],"is":[29,40,95,111],"to":[30,45,99],"detect":[31,100,118],"expressway.":[36,103],"However,":[37],"vehicle":[38],"detection":[39],"a":[41],"challenging":[42],"problem":[43],"due":[44],"among":[46],"other":[47],"things,":[48],"small":[49],"size":[50],"vehicles,":[53,60],"low":[54],"resolution":[55],"videos,":[56],"high":[57],"speeds":[58],"long":[63],"distance":[64],"between":[65],"camera":[67],"vehicles.":[70],"Recently,":[71],"deep":[72,87],"learning-based":[73],"approaches":[74],"have":[75],"shown":[76],"extraordinary":[77],"performance":[78],"many":[80],"computer":[81],"vision":[82],"tasks.":[83],"That":[84],"is,":[85],"learning":[88],"model:":[89],"SSD":[90,124],"(Single":[91],"Shot":[92],"MultiBox":[93],"Detector)":[94],"applied":[96],"fine-turned":[98],"From":[104],"experimental":[106],"results":[107],"described":[108],"herein,":[109],"it":[110],"demonstrated":[112],"that":[113],"method":[115],"presented":[116],"can":[117],"more":[119],"than":[121],"pre-trained":[123],"model.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-25T21:42:39.735039","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
