{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2085989963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2013.6890450","title":"Investigation on July 2012 Indian blackout","display_name":"Investigation on July 2012 Indian blackout","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2085989963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2013.6890450","mag":"2085989963"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icmlc.2013.6890450","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2013.6890450","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/22741/1/FullText.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029853791","display_name":"Loi Lei Lai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094970","display_name":"Energy Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ndnb620","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094970","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Loi Lei Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Energy Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Energy Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094970"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070997176","display_name":"Hao Tian Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","display_name":"City, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04489at23","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I180825142"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094970","display_name":"Energy Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ndnb620","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094970","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Tian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Energy Research Institute, Beijing, China","City University, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Energy Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094970"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022822400","display_name":"Chun Sing Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4169-4438"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094970","display_name":"Energy Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ndnb620","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094970","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","display_name":"Brunel University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn4t376","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun Sing Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Energy Research Institute, Beijing, China","Brunel University, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Energy Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094970"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brunel University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100684653","display_name":"Fang Yuan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-4405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094970","display_name":"Energy Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00ndnb620","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094970","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Yuan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Energy Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Energy Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094970"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034424428","display_name":"Sukumar Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5642-0835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sukumar Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India","Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029853791"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094970"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6448,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":84,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90807632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"92","last_page":"97"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9779000282287598,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11052","display_name":"Energy Load and Power Forecasting","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blackout","display_name":"Blackout","score":0.9959896206855774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/christian-ministry","display_name":"Christian ministry","score":0.717106282711029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-grid","display_name":"Power grid","score":0.7168014645576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.6141260266304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4559813141822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plan","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","score":0.4424915909767151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.440211683511734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4396355152130127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.42262938618659973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.4023609459400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3775469660758972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.35016852617263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3393440544605255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.30272775888442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.2686433792114258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.2178361415863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.178569495677948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.16486424207687378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.11454927921295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.07415655255317688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777693866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q359099","display_name":"Blackout","level":4,"score":0.9959896206855774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521751864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729207","display_name":"Christian ministry","level":2,"score":0.717106282711029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983254600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096907","display_name":"Power grid","level":3,"score":0.7168014645576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6141260266304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4559813141822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776505523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785468","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4424915909767151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.440211683511734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4396355152130127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.42262938618659973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.4023609459400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3775469660758972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.35016852617263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3393440544605255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.30272775888442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2686433792114258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2178361415863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.178569495677948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16486424207687378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11454927921295166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.07415655255317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icmlc.2013.6890450","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2013.6890450","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:bura.brunel.ac.uk:2438/22741","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/22741","pdf_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/22741/1/FullText.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401473","display_name":"Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","host_organization_name":"Brunel University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:bura.brunel.ac.uk:2438/22741","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/22741","pdf_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/22741/1/FullText.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401473","display_name":"Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","host_organization_name":"Brunel University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2085989963.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2085989963.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2132018665","https://openalex.org/W2035973884","https://openalex.org/W2075965984","https://openalex.org/W2047841327","https://openalex.org/W2054087328","https://openalex.org/W2534592152","https://openalex.org/W2738137643","https://openalex.org/W2367687672","https://openalex.org/W1970912181","https://openalex.org/W2779342289"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Twice":[0],"Indian":[1,26,90],"blackouts":[2,108],"occurred":[3],"at":[4],"the":[5,18,32,39,49,56,65,70,73,81,87,95],"end":[6],"of":[7,15,58,61,72],"July":[8],"in":[9,17,38,41,83,109],"2012":[10],"left":[11],"over":[12],"600":[13],"million":[14],"people":[16],"dark":[19],"for":[20,89,117],"several":[21],"hours.":[22],"In":[23],"these":[24],"two-day,":[25],"grid":[27,74,91],"disturbances":[28],"were":[29,77],"regarded":[30],"as":[31],"most":[33],"serious":[34],"and":[35],"large-scale":[36],"blackout":[37],"world":[40],"history.":[42],"A":[43],"report":[44],"has":[45],"been":[46],"generated":[47,79],"by":[48,55,80,97],"enquiry":[50],"committee":[51,82],"which":[52,67],"was":[53],"organized":[54],"Ministry":[57],"Power,":[59],"Government":[60],"India,":[62],"to":[63,69,85,94,106],"investigate":[64],"factors":[66],"led":[68],"initiation":[71],"disturbance.":[75],"Recommendations":[76],"also":[78],"order":[84],"provide":[86],"plan":[88],"enhancement.":[92],"Further":[93],"recommendations":[96],"Enquiry":[98],"Committee,":[99],"this":[100],"paper":[101],"will":[102,121],"give":[103],"further":[104],"suggestions":[105],"minimize":[107],"future.":[110],"An":[111],"insight":[112],"into":[113],"decision":[114],"support":[115],"requirement":[116],"power":[118],"network":[119],"operation":[120],"be":[122],"made.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T06:11:35.319607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}