{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415707879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme59968.2025.11209063","title":"FoCTTA: Low-Memory Continual Test-Time Adaptation with Focus","display_name":"FoCTTA: Low-Memory Continual Test-Time Adaptation with Focus","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415707879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme59968.2025.11209063"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme59968.2025.11209063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme59968.2025.11209063","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Youbing Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youbing Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Institute of Technology,Faculty of Computing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology,Faculty of Computing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087680636","display_name":"Yun Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-1716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122261","display_name":"Swiss Data Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02hdt9m26","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4210122261","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swiss Data Science Center,Zurich,Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Data Science Center,Zurich,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122261"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011140675","display_name":"Zimu Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5457-6967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zimu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081725107","display_name":"Anqi Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8835-6938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anqi Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Institute of Technology,Faculty of Computing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology,Faculty of Computing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103142063","display_name":"Zhiqiang Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7351-5887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqiang Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Institute of Technology,Faculty of Computing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology,Faculty of Computing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100450015","display_name":"Zhijun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9129-9957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhijun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Institute of Technology,Faculty of Computing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Institute of Technology,Faculty of Computing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.673,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86604436,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.6635000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.6635000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.1655000001192093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.016100000590085983,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.7038000226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.508400022983551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.4991999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.46129998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.44859999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-adaptation","display_name":"Domain adaptation","score":0.3490000069141388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.7038000226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.508400022983551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.4991999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.46129998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4542999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.44859999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776434776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19246213","display_name":"Domain adaptation","level":3,"score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33970001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7149132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1377840","display_name":"Forgetting","level":2,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme59968.2025.11209063","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme59968.2025.11209063","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W3091002423","https://openalex.org/W4312897837","https://openalex.org/W4385764517","https://openalex.org/W4386076614","https://openalex.org/W4394597027","https://openalex.org/W4401726555"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Continual":[0],"adaptation":[1,44,144,164],"to":[2,50,76,100,121],"domain":[3],"shifts":[4],"at":[5],"test":[6],"time":[7],"(CTTA)":[8],"is":[9,99,149],"crucial":[10],"for":[11,43,67,84,127],"enhancing":[12],"the":[13,38,61,70,125,163,167,180,190,199,208],"intelligence":[14],"of":[15,63],"deep":[16],"learning":[17],"enabled":[18],"IoT":[19,85],"applications.":[20],"However,":[21],"prevailing":[22],"CTTA":[23,95],"methods,":[24],"which":[25],"typically":[26],"update":[27,113],"all":[28,56,64,114],"batch":[29,47,129,186],"normalization":[30],"(BN)":[31],"layers,":[32,109],"exhibit":[33],"two":[34],"memory":[35,52,71,78,182,191],"inefficiencies.":[36],"First,":[37],"reliance":[39],"on":[40,174,195,207],"BN":[41,57,65,115,120],"layers":[42,58,66,123,135],"necessitates":[45],"large":[46,128],"sizes,":[48,187],"leading":[49],"high":[51],"usage.":[53],"Second,":[54],"updating":[55,133],"requires":[59],"storing":[60,139],"activations":[62],"backpropagation,":[68],"exacerbating":[69],"demand.":[72],"Both":[73],"factors":[74],"lead":[75],"substantial":[77],"costs,":[79],"making":[80],"existing":[81],"solutions":[82],"impractical":[83],"devices.":[86],"In":[87],"this":[88],"paper,":[89],"we":[90],"present":[91],"FoCTTA,":[92],"a":[93,105],"low-memory":[94],"strategy.":[96],"The":[97,117],"key":[98],"automatically":[101],"identify":[102],"and":[103,172,177,204],"adapt":[104],"few":[106],"drift-sensitive":[107],"representation":[108,122],"rather":[110],"than":[111],"blindly":[112],"layers.":[116],"shift":[118],"from":[119],"eliminates":[124],"need":[126],"sizes.":[130],"Also,":[131],"by":[132,169,193,201],"adaptation-critical":[134],"only,":[136],"FoCTTA":[137,148,161,188],"avoids":[138],"excessive":[140],"activations.":[141],"This":[142],"focused":[143],"approach":[145],"ensures":[146],"that":[147,160],"not":[150],"only":[151],"memory-efficient":[152],"but":[153],"also":[154],"maintains":[155],"effective":[156],"adaptation.":[157],"Evaluations":[158],"show":[159],"improves":[162],"accuracy":[165,200],"over":[166],"state-of-the-arts":[168],"4.5%,":[170],"4.9%,":[171],"14.8%":[173],"CIFAR10-C,":[175],"CIFAR100-C,":[176],"ImageNet-C":[178],"under":[179],"same":[181],"constraints.":[183],"Across":[184],"various":[185],"reduces":[189],"usage":[192],"3-fold":[194],"average,":[196],"while":[197],"improving":[198],"8.1%,":[202],"3.6%,":[203],"0.2%,":[205],"respectively,":[206],"three":[209],"datasets.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-30T00:00:00"}
