{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293519059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme52920.2022.9859635","title":"Building Trust for Postoperative Pain Estimation: Towards Explainable Machine-Learning Prediction Based on Multimodal Indicators","display_name":"Building Trust for Postoperative Pain Estimation: Towards Explainable Machine-Learning Prediction Based on Multimodal Indicators","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293519059","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme52920.2022.9859635"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme52920.2022.9859635","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme52920.2022.9859635","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607799","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034658227","display_name":"Fuchang Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuchang Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University,Changsha,China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044959745","display_name":"Jun Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1786-6188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156904","display_name":"Third Xiangya Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05akvb491","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156904"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Department of Spine Surgery,Changsha,China","Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Department of Spine Surgery,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156904","https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156904","https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030746614","display_name":"Shenghui Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8872-2117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shenghui Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University,Changsha,China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078921035","display_name":"Youwen Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9117-4078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156904","display_name":"Third Xiangya Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05akvb491","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156904"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youwen Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Department of Spine Surgery,Changsha,China","Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Department of Spine Surgery,Changsha,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156904","https://openalex.org/I139660479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156904","https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0495,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"01","last_page":"06"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12035","display_name":"Pain Management and Placebo Effect","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11199","display_name":"Pain Management and Opioid Use","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.7362615466117859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7265099287033081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6919142603874207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6317136883735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5542786717414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.5420125722885132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-pain","display_name":"Postoperative pain","score":0.5276638269424438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.506173312664032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.10164347290992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08185794949531555}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.7362615466117859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7265099287033081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6919142603874207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6317136883735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5542786717414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.5420125722885132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994102832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81938","display_name":"Postoperative pain","level":2,"score":0.5276638269424438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.506173312664032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10164347290992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08185794949531555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme52920.2022.9859635","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme52920.2022.9859635","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607799","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7099999785423279}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8844254402","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61772556","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493918286","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W2016023958","https://openalex.org/W2037579883","https://openalex.org/W2046974789","https://openalex.org/W2049730379","https://openalex.org/W2056132907","https://openalex.org/W2059958079","https://openalex.org/W2066642295","https://openalex.org/W2084518320","https://openalex.org/W2089575713","https://openalex.org/W2093312549","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2104240789","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2320909684","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2609133580","https://openalex.org/W2616496713","https://openalex.org/W2776542863","https://openalex.org/W2797636288","https://openalex.org/W2811226468","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2962862931","https://openalex.org/W2963125010","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2978148844","https://openalex.org/W2999615587","https://openalex.org/W3004783841","https://openalex.org/W3024947739","https://openalex.org/W3090855408","https://openalex.org/W3150319634","https://openalex.org/W6637404493","https://openalex.org/W6662223875","https://openalex.org/W6737947904","https://openalex.org/W6753144986","https://openalex.org/W6777361997"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366107444","https://openalex.org/W4388145910","https://openalex.org/W2381570729","https://openalex.org/W1976205134","https://openalex.org/W4248336175","https://openalex.org/W2031260042","https://openalex.org/W2391445434","https://openalex.org/W3009369890","https://openalex.org/W4312490297","https://openalex.org/W2062212388"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Postoperative":[0],"pain":[1,15,63],"estimation":[2,16],"in":[3],"non-verbal":[4],"populations":[5],"is":[6,48,85],"clinically":[7],"challenging":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,30,96,108,138],"their":[11],"invalid":[12],"self-reports.":[13],"Existing":[14],"methods":[17],"ignore":[18],"the":[19,54,91,98,104,111,117,139,144],"explainability":[20,118],"and":[21,65,78,101,119,132,146],"clinical":[22,120],"utility":[23,121],"of":[24,70,122,148],"models,":[25],"which":[26],"brings":[27],"a":[28,60,126,133],"barrier":[29],"model":[31],"trust.":[32],"In":[33],"this":[34],"paper,":[35],"we":[36,58],"propose":[37],"an":[38],"explainable":[39],"machine-learning":[40],"prediction":[41],"for":[42],"postoperative":[43,62,99],"pain.":[44],"The":[45],"proposed":[46],"method":[47,89],"based":[49],"on":[50],"multimodal":[51,66],"indicators":[52],"with":[53],"following":[55],"improvements:":[56],"(1)":[57],"construct":[59],"well-benchmarked":[61],"dataset,":[64],"indicator":[67],"fusion":[68],"comprising":[69],"both":[71],"multiscale":[72],"behavioral":[73],"features":[74],"from":[75,82],"facial":[76],"images":[77],"general":[79],"vital":[80],"signs":[81],"physiological":[83],"measures":[84],"constructed;":[86],"(2)":[87],"Our":[88],"employs":[90],"deep":[92],"stacked":[93],"network":[94],"(DSN)":[95],"estimate":[97],"pain,":[100],"it":[102],"considers":[103],"shared":[105],"feature":[106],"mapping":[107],"speed":[109],"up":[110],"training":[112],"speed;":[113],"(3)":[114],"We":[115],"improve":[116],"models":[123],"through":[124],"appending":[125],"SHapley":[127],"Additive":[128],"exPlanations":[129],"(SHAP)":[130],"module":[131],"decision":[134],"curve":[135],"analysis":[136],"(DCA)":[137],"framework.":[140],"Extensive":[141],"experiments":[142],"demonstrate":[143],"accuracy":[145],"efficacy":[147],"our":[149],"method.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
