{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2557401777","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2017.8019518","title":"Efficient likelihood Bayesian constrained local model","display_name":"Efficient likelihood Bayesian constrained local model","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2557401777","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2017.8019518","mag":"2557401777"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme.2017.8019518","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2017.8019518","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100600710","display_name":"Hailiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8456-7984"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146617529","display_name":"Applied Science and Technology Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03xmkea05","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146617529"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506","https://openalex.org/I146617529"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019678322","display_name":"Kin\u2010Man Lam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0422-8454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146617529","display_name":"Applied Science and Technology Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03xmkea05","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146617529"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kin-Man Lam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506","https://openalex.org/I146617529"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076782947","display_name":"Man-Yau Chiu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146617529","display_name":"Applied Science and Technology Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03xmkea05","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146617529"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Man-Yau Chiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506","https://openalex.org/I146617529"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055335265","display_name":"Kangheng Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146617529","display_name":"Applied Science and Technology Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03xmkea05","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146617529"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kangheng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506","https://openalex.org/I146617529"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002280736","display_name":"Zhibin Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1615-2343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146617529","display_name":"Applied Science and Technology Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03xmkea05","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146617529"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhibin Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506","https://openalex.org/I146617529"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1847,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54346341,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"763","last_page":"768"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-a-posteriori-estimation","display_name":"Maximum a posteriori estimation","score":0.6604994535446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6380830407142639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.6064879894256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-inference","display_name":"Bayesian inference","score":0.5126880407333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.5058981776237488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.4945950210094452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48408448696136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4759927988052368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-distribution-model","display_name":"Point distribution model","score":0.468083918094635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.43771296739578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.4327012002468109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4298518896102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prior-probability","display_name":"Prior probability","score":0.4251846969127655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34262609481811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2518458664417267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.1432279348373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11863544583320618}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9810830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q635384","display_name":"Maximum a posteriori estimation","level":3,"score":0.6604994535446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6380830407142639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.6064879894256592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160234255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812535","display_name":"Bayesian inference","level":3,"score":0.5126880407333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5058981776237488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.4945950210094452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48408448696136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4759927988052368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118317068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2100760","display_name":"Point distribution model","level":2,"score":0.468083918094635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.43771296739578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.4327012002468109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4298518896102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177769412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278090","display_name":"Prior probability","level":3,"score":0.4251846969127655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34262609481811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2518458664417267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.1432279348373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11863544583320618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme.2017.8019518","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2017.8019518","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/107230","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/107230","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/74194","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/74194","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578309724","https://openalex.org/W1796263212","https://openalex.org/W1839155840","https://openalex.org/W1985436611","https://openalex.org/W1990937109","https://openalex.org/W1998294030","https://openalex.org/W2030366785","https://openalex.org/W2047508432","https://openalex.org/W2073039128","https://openalex.org/W2076017598","https://openalex.org/W2087681821","https://openalex.org/W2098597588","https://openalex.org/W2101866605","https://openalex.org/W2111372597","https://openalex.org/W2136000821","https://openalex.org/W2157285372","https://openalex.org/W2172803778","https://openalex.org/W2552983394","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W6638488279","https://openalex.org/W6662335928","https://openalex.org/W6682634897"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2035647503","https://openalex.org/W2047789335","https://openalex.org/W1839961359","https://openalex.org/W2971308405","https://openalex.org/W2075146114","https://openalex.org/W4387430173","https://openalex.org/W4385750321","https://openalex.org/W2619014764","https://openalex.org/W2100805585","https://openalex.org/W2097952909"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"constrained":[1,19,152],"local":[2,15,153,165],"model":[3,31,35,154],"(CLM)":[4],"proposes":[5],"a":[6,12,23,27,52,78,87,110,123,139,197],"paradigm":[7],"that":[8],"the":[9,34,47,73,92,96,102,118,133,161,163,169,173,183,186,192,202,223,238],"locations":[10,50],"of":[11,14,49,95,135,160,172],"set":[13],"landmark":[16,59],"detectors":[17],"are":[18],"to":[20,36,131,216],"lie":[21],"in":[22,157,201],"subspace,":[24],"spanned":[25],"by":[26,69,229],"shape":[28,97,170,179],"point":[29],"distribution":[30,94],"(PDM).":[32],"Fitting":[33],"an":[37,64],"object":[38],"involves":[39],"two":[40],"steps.":[41],"A":[42],"response":[43,74],"map,":[44],"which":[45,127],"represents":[46],"likelihood":[48,140,150],"for":[51,57,181,185],"landmark,":[53,137],"is":[54,67,147],"first":[55],"computed":[56],"each":[58,136,158],"using":[60,108],"local-texture":[61],"detectors.":[62],"Then,":[63],"optimal":[65],"PDM":[66,164],"determined":[68],"jointly":[70],"maximizing":[71],"all":[72],"maps":[75],"simultaneously,":[76],"with":[77,222,237],"global-shape":[79],"constraint.":[80],"This":[81,143],"global":[82],"optimization":[83],"can":[84,105,176],"be":[85,106],"considered":[86],"Bayesian":[88,151],"inference":[89],"problem,":[90],"where":[91],"posterior":[93],"parameters,":[98,104,167,171],"as":[99,101,138,178],"well":[100],"pose":[103],"inferred":[107],"maximum":[109],"posteriori":[111],"(MAP).":[112],"In":[113],"this":[114],"paper,":[115],"based":[116],"on":[117,207,232],"CLM":[119,125,145,225],"model,":[120],"we":[121,194],"present":[122],"novel":[124,144],"variant,":[126],"employs":[128],"random-forest":[129],"regressors":[130,184],"estimate":[132],"location":[134],"term,":[141],"efficiently.":[142],"framework":[146],"called":[148],"efficient":[149],"(elBCLM).":[155],"Furthermore,":[156],"stage":[159,175],"regressors,":[162],"non-rigid":[166],"i.e.":[168],"previous":[174],"work":[177],"clues":[180],"training":[182],"current":[187],"stage.":[188],"To":[189],"further":[190],"improve":[191],"efficiency,":[193],"also":[195],"propose":[196],"feature-switching":[198],"scheme":[199],"used":[200],"cascaded":[203],"framework.":[204],"Experimental":[205],"results":[206],"benchmark":[208],"datasets":[209],"show":[210],"our":[211],"approach":[212],"achieves":[213],"about":[214],"3":[215],"5":[217],"times":[218],"speed-up,":[219],"when":[220,235],"compared":[221,236],"existing":[224],"models,":[226],"and":[227],"improves":[228],"around":[230],"10%":[231],"fitting":[233],"accuracy,":[234],"other":[239],"regression-based":[240],"models.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
