{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1544612310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2015.7177394","title":"Facial expression preserving privacy protection using image melding","display_name":"Facial expression preserving privacy protection using image melding","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1544612310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2015.7177394","mag":"1544612310"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme.2015.7177394","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2015.7177394","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://naist.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/4960","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065649079","display_name":"Yuta Nakashima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8000-3567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","display_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhada84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuta Nakashima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, Japan","Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112700499","display_name":"Tatsuya KOYAMA","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"Osaka University","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tatsuya Koyama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2\u20131 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan","Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2\u20131 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054535774","display_name":"Naokazu Yokoya","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","display_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhada84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naokazu Yokoya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, Japan","Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068454170","display_name":"Noboru Babaguchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3320-896X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"Osaka University","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noboru Babaguchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2\u20131 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan","Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2\u20131 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065649079"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9359,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81504589,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permission","display_name":"Permission","score":0.8101012706756592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.6975616216659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6838177442550659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5802531242370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5754104852676392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.543155312538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.533301591873169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5273436307907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-protection","display_name":"Privacy protection","score":0.4739784598350525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.4497145414352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4442678391933441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.38156428933143616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37020671367645264}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779089604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7169333","display_name":"Permission","level":2,"score":0.8101012706756592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.6975616216659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6838177442550659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5802531242370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5754104852676392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.543155312538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.533301591873169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5273436307907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017597292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25052250","display_name":"Privacy protection","level":2,"score":0.4739784598350525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.4497145414352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4442678391933441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.38156428933143616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37020671367645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme.2015.7177394","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2015.7177394","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01146:0005783411","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://naist.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/4960","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:library.naist.jp:10061/11258","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10061/11258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196843","display_name":"NAIST Digital Library (Nara Institute of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","host_organization_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01146:0005783411","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://naist.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/4960","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W146051585","https://openalex.org/W1975049209","https://openalex.org/W1997409447","https://openalex.org/W2011433665","https://openalex.org/W2043413153","https://openalex.org/W2071416678","https://openalex.org/W2093639932","https://openalex.org/W2097136272","https://openalex.org/W2103958416","https://openalex.org/W2124351162","https://openalex.org/W2124735649","https://openalex.org/W2128354257","https://openalex.org/W2135132101","https://openalex.org/W2147367286","https://openalex.org/W2163808566","https://openalex.org/W2169740160","https://openalex.org/W2169953019","https://openalex.org/W2171040568","https://openalex.org/W4251147723","https://openalex.org/W6649573860"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W331205302","https://openalex.org/W2178354209","https://openalex.org/W1520171739","https://openalex.org/W4210242455","https://openalex.org/W2524555128","https://openalex.org/W4293280890","https://openalex.org/W2950065763","https://openalex.org/W3135360054","https://openalex.org/W2826749337","https://openalex.org/W2044984579"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"enormous":[1],"number":[2],"of":[3,20,53,69,87],"images":[4,16],"are":[5,30,75,80],"currently":[6],"shared":[7],"through":[8],"social":[9],"networking":[10],"services":[11],"such":[12,45],"as":[13,46],"Facebook.":[14],"These":[15],"usually":[17],"contain":[18],"appearance":[19],"people":[21,54,74],"and":[22],"may":[23,65],"violate":[24],"the":[25,67,70,78,88,116],"people's":[26],"privacy":[27,40,43],"if":[28],"they":[29],"published":[31],"without":[32,55],"permission":[33],"from":[34],"each":[35],"person.":[36],"To":[37],"remedy":[38],"this":[39,64],"concern,":[41],"visual":[42],"protection,":[44],"blurring,":[47],"is":[48],"applied":[49],"to":[50,60],"facial":[51,83,100,109,121],"regions":[52,101],"permission.":[56],"However,":[57],"in":[58,102],"addition":[59],"image":[61,89,95],"quality":[62],"degradation,":[63],"spoil":[66],"context":[68],"image:":[71],"If":[72],"some":[73],"filtered":[76],"while":[77,123],"others":[79],"not,":[81],"missing":[82],"expression":[84,122],"makes":[85],"comprehension":[86],"difficult.":[90],"This":[91],"paper":[92],"proposes":[93],"an":[94],"melding-based":[96],"method":[97,118],"that":[98,115],"modifies":[99],"a":[103],"visually":[104],"unintrusive":[105],"way":[106],"with":[107],"preserving":[108],"expression.":[110],"Our":[111],"experimental":[112],"results":[113],"demonstrated":[114],"proposed":[117],"can":[119],"retain":[120],"protecting":[124],"privacy.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
