{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2095466061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2013.6607571","title":"Visually significant QR codes: Image blending and statistical analysis","display_name":"Visually significant QR codes: Image blending and statistical analysis","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2095466061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2013.6607571","mag":"2095466061"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme.2013.6607571","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2013.6607571","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061265471","display_name":"Z. Baharav","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1338503839","display_name":"Corning (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02tfv4t78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1338503839"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zachi Baharav","raw_affiliation_strings":["Corning West Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA","Corning West Technol. Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Corning West Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1338503839"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Corning West Technol. Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1338503839"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080661503","display_name":"Ramakrishna Kakarala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6358-6991"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramakrishna Kakarala","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","Sch. of Comput. Eng., Nanyang Technol. Univ., Singapore, , Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Comput. Eng., Nanyang Technol. Univ., Singapore, , Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5297,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95566769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13270","display_name":"QR Code Applications and Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13270","display_name":"QR Code Applications and Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9799000024795532,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7444021701812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.7044343948364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperlink","display_name":"Hyperlink","score":0.5767619609832764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.558386504650116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vendor","display_name":"Vendor","score":0.488839328289032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.46005484461784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camera-phone","display_name":"Camera phone","score":0.4542919993400574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4521142244338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-hoc","display_name":"Post hoc","score":0.4390336871147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40484750270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.36326587200164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-page","display_name":"Web page","score":0.3113223612308502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.21172991394996643}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7444021701812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.7044343948364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30088001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102014","display_name":"Hyperlink","level":3,"score":0.5767619609832764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.558386504650116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777338717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1762621","display_name":"Vendor","level":2,"score":0.488839328289032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.46005484461784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147942929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210820","display_name":"Camera phone","level":2,"score":0.4542919993400574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4521142244338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992886853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18381816","display_name":"Post hoc","level":2,"score":0.4390336871147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40484750270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.36326587200164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21959979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36774","display_name":"Web page","level":2,"score":0.3113223612308502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.21172991394996643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme.2013.6607571","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2013.6607571","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539579356","https://openalex.org/W2084842363","https://openalex.org/W2099066201","https://openalex.org/W2182988757","https://openalex.org/W6686047349"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384033143","https://openalex.org/W1525584714","https://openalex.org/W2245616560","https://openalex.org/W2351804282","https://openalex.org/W2048998278","https://openalex.org/W1556894713","https://openalex.org/W1490416172","https://openalex.org/W158130761","https://openalex.org/W2588706232","https://openalex.org/W2096877906"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"QR":[0,41,129],"codes":[1,29,42,59,130],"are":[2,22,60],"widely":[3],"used":[4],"as":[5,13,163,165],"a":[6,25,68,182],"means":[7],"of":[8,40,50,77,88,99,156,186,193],"conveying":[9],"textual":[10],"information,":[11],"such":[12],"emails,":[14],"hyperlinks,":[15],"or":[16,75],"phone":[17],"numbers,":[18],"through":[19],"images":[20,162],"that":[21,67,141],"interpreted":[23],"using":[24],"smartphone":[26],"camera.":[27],"The":[28,37],"take":[30],"up":[31],"valuable":[32,117],"space":[33],"in":[34,53,64,174,177,198],"print":[35],"media.":[36],"random":[38],"appearance":[39],"not":[43],"only":[44],"detracts":[45],"from":[46],"the":[47,51,58,65,72,78,86,93,96,100,126,152,157,175,187,191],"production":[48],"values":[49],"advertisement":[52],"which":[54],"they":[55,106],"appear,":[56],"but":[57],"also":[61],"visually":[62,127],"insignificant":[63],"sense":[66],"human":[69],"cannot":[70],"discern":[71],"vendor,":[73],"brand,":[74],"purpose":[76],"code":[79,101,176],"just":[80],"by":[81,134,145],"looking":[82],"at":[83],"it,":[84],"without":[85],"aid":[87],"scanning":[89,104],"software.":[90],"Though":[91],"neither":[92],"aesthetics":[94],"nor":[95],"visual":[97],"significance":[98],"matter":[102,108],"for":[103,109],"purposes,":[105],"do":[107],"advertising":[110],"layout":[111],"and,":[112],"more":[113],"importantly,":[114],"can":[115],"provide":[116,181],"brand":[118],"distinction.":[119],"In":[120],"this":[121],"paper,":[122],"we":[123],"show":[124,190],"how":[125],"significant":[128],"may":[131],"be":[132,172],"obtained":[133],"image":[135],"blending.":[136],"Unlike":[137],"various":[138],"ad-hoc":[139],"methods":[140],"have":[142],"been":[143],"proposed":[144],"others,":[146],"our":[147],"method":[148,160,188],"leaves":[149],"completely":[150],"intact":[151],"error":[153,196],"correction":[154],"budget":[155],"code.":[158],"Our":[159],"allows":[161],"diverse":[164],"corporate":[166],"logos":[167],"and":[168],"family":[169],"photographs":[170],"to":[171,189],"embedded":[173],"full":[178],"color.":[179],"We":[180],"detailed":[183],"statistical":[184],"analysis":[185],"effect":[192],"blending":[194],"on":[195],"rates":[197],"noisy":[199],"environments.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}