{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122384804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2010.5582954","title":"Statistical modeling of footprints of QIM steganography","display_name":"Statistical modeling of footprints of QIM steganography","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122384804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2010.5582954","mag":"2122384804"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme.2010.5582954","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2010.5582954","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033599238","display_name":"Hafiz Malik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-3888"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130704","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Dearborn","ror":"https://ror.org/035wtm547","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hafiz Malik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems, Security, and Forensics Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA","Information Systems, Security, and Forensics Lab, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Michigan-Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Rd., Dearborn, MI 48128"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems, Security, and Forensics Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems, Security, and Forensics Lab, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Michigan-Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Rd., Dearborn, MI 48128","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033599238"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210130704"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3187,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62477843,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1487","last_page":"1492"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganalysis","display_name":"Steganalysis","score":0.8805490732192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.7563945055007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.6006402373313904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5584923028945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5482708215713501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5270878672599792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5256410837173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-alarm","display_name":"False alarm","score":0.4991621971130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.4949480891227722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-hypothesis-testing","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","score":0.4749070405960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalized-normal-distribution","display_name":"Generalized normal distribution","score":0.4439478814601898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness-tests","display_name":"Randomness tests","score":0.41694942116737366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3902629613876343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.36719781160354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.26412585377693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normal-distribution","display_name":"Normal distribution","score":0.11512893438339233}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107368093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448176","display_name":"Steganalysis","level":4,"score":0.8805490732192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.7563945055007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.6006402373313904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5584923028945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5482708215713501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5270878672599792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5256410837173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364844","display_name":"False alarm","level":2,"score":0.4991621971130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4949480891227722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87007009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210832","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","level":2,"score":0.4749070405960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171383496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2497477","display_name":"Generalized normal distribution","level":3,"score":0.4439478814601898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18017163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13560113","display_name":"Randomness tests","level":3,"score":0.41694942116737366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3902629613876343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36719781160354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.26412585377693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102094743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133871","display_name":"Normal distribution","level":2,"score":0.11512893438339233}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme.2010.5582954","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2010.5582954","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W285471286","https://openalex.org/W1980106547","https://openalex.org/W2027036734","https://openalex.org/W2096933452","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2107465879","https://openalex.org/W2138402153","https://openalex.org/W2145564677","https://openalex.org/W6979986036"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148973528","https://openalex.org/W2939392096","https://openalex.org/W4243922849","https://openalex.org/W2106726851","https://openalex.org/W4309385482","https://openalex.org/W2068740952","https://openalex.org/W1583147569","https://openalex.org/W2182496537","https://openalex.org/W2792878404","https://openalex.org/W3154843532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,23],"new":[4],"model":[5,18],"is":[6,19,82,100],"proposed":[7,16,112],"to":[8,12,21,27,70,102],"characterize":[9],"distortion":[10],"due":[11],"message":[13,40,57],"embedding.":[14,58],"The":[15,76],"statistical":[17],"used":[20,101],"develop":[22],"parametric":[24],"steganalysis":[25,60],"technique":[26,61],"attack":[28],"quantization":[29,38,55],"index":[30],"modulation":[31],"(QIM)":[32],"steganography.":[33],"We":[34],"have":[35],"shown":[36],"that":[37,110],"with":[39,123],"embedding":[41],"(a.k.a.":[42],"QIM)":[43],"introduces":[44],"relatively":[45],"stronger":[46],"disturbance":[47],"in":[48,51,66,73],"the":[49,52,67,74,80,104,111,118,121],"local-correlation":[50],"test-image":[53,81],"than":[54],"without":[56],"Presented":[59],"exploits":[62],"rich":[63],"spatial/temporal":[64],"correlation":[65],"natural":[68],"images":[69],"estimate":[71],"local-randomness":[72,77],"test-image.":[75],"estimated":[78],"from":[79],"modeled":[83],"using":[84],"generalized":[85,95],"Gamma":[86],"distribution":[87],"(GGD).":[88],"A":[89],"binary":[90],"hypothesis":[91],"test,":[92],"based":[93],"on":[94],"likelihood":[96],"ratio":[97],"test":[98],"(GLRT),":[99],"detect":[103],"QIM-stego":[105,122],"image.":[106],"Simulation":[107],"results":[108],"show":[109],"method":[113],"can":[114],"successfully":[115],"distinguish":[116],"between":[117],"quantized-cover":[119],"and":[120],"very":[124],"low":[125],"false":[126],"alarm":[127],"rates.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}