{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2120939706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2003.1221268","title":"Novel example-based shape learning for fast face alignment","display_name":"Novel example-based shape learning for fast face alignment","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2120939706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2003.1221268","mag":"2120939706"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme.2003.1221268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2003.1221268","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo. ICME '03. Proceedings (Cat. No.03TH8698)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003198738","display_name":"Xiujuan Chai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2757-9900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiujuan Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICT-YCNC FRJDL, CAS, Beijing, China","Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, ICT-YCNC FRJDL, Beijing, China","Vilab Computer College, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICT-YCNC FRJDL, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, ICT-YCNC FRJDL, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vilab Computer College, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050297728","display_name":"Shiguang Shan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8348-392X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiguang Shan","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICT-YCNC FRJDL, CAS, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICT-YCNC FRJDL, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037562051","display_name":"Wenxue Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8030-8432"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICT-YCNC FRJDL, CAS, Beijing, China","Vilab Computer College, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICT-YCNC FRJDL, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vilab Computer College, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102988738","display_name":"Bo Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7322-0747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICT-YCNC FRJDL, CAS, Beijing, China","Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, ICT-YCNC FRJDL, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICT-YCNC FRJDL, CAS, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, CAS, ICT-YCNC FRJDL, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003198738"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18523037,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"272","issue":null,"first_page":"III","last_page":"141"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.8088184595108032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7471074461936951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6448917388916016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.6138052344322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5833531022071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5810370445251465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5673657655715942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5511500239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5332260727882385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-shape-model","display_name":"Active shape model","score":0.48684900999069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.42861172556877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.35881108045578003}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.8088184595108032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7471074461936951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6448917388916016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6138052344322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5833531022071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5810370445251465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5673657655715942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5511500239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5332260727882385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129641003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267189","display_name":"Active shape model","level":3,"score":0.48684900999069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.42861172556877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35881108045578003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icme.2003.1221268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icme.2003.1221268","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo. ICME '03. Proceedings (Cat. No.03TH8698)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.360.7255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.360.7255","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.jdl.ac.cn/user/sgshan/pub/ICASSP03-Chai.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485879728","https://openalex.org/W2003467992","https://openalex.org/W2033419168","https://openalex.org/W2036231497","https://openalex.org/W2038952578","https://openalex.org/W2070320140","https://openalex.org/W2101055828","https://openalex.org/W2113341759","https://openalex.org/W2114108767","https://openalex.org/W2115689562","https://openalex.org/W2166125343","https://openalex.org/W2172803778","https://openalex.org/W2917743105","https://openalex.org/W6677312218"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023858428","https://openalex.org/W4247324130","https://openalex.org/W2538259895","https://openalex.org/W2126963364","https://openalex.org/W4400804331","https://openalex.org/W2218509615","https://openalex.org/W2051287254","https://openalex.org/W2370937376","https://openalex.org/W2132337154","https://openalex.org/W2384651879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,53,96],"novel":[4,69,97,103,141],"example-based":[5],"shape":[6,40,66,93,138],"learning":[7,54,85],"(ESL)":[8],"strategy":[9],"has":[10],"been":[11],"proposed":[12,155],"for":[13,139],"facial":[14],"feature":[15],"alignment.":[16],"The":[17],"method":[18],"is":[19,106],"motivated":[20],"by":[21,75,108],"an":[22,30,109],"intuitive":[23],"and":[24,38,87,151,160],"experimental":[25],"observation":[26],"that":[27,42],"there":[28],"exists":[29],"approximate":[31],"linearity":[32],"relationship":[33],"between":[34],"the":[35,39,65,80,84,92,102,114,117,127,131,136,140,149,154],"image":[36,71,105],"difference":[37],"difference,":[41],"is,":[43],"similar":[44,48],"face":[45,49,57,62,70,98,104,142],"images":[46,58,82],"imply":[47],"shapes.":[50],"Therefore,":[51],"given":[52],"set":[55,86],"of":[56,67,95,113,130,153],"with":[59,164],"their":[60],"corresponding":[61],"landmarks":[63],"labeled,":[64],"any":[68],"can":[72,122],"be":[73,123],"learned":[74],"estimating":[76],"its":[77],"similarities":[78,90],"to":[79,91,126,134],"training":[81,115,132],"in":[83,157],"applying":[88],"these":[89],"reconstruction":[94],"image.":[99,143],"Concretely,":[100],"if":[101],"expressed":[107],"optimal":[110,137],"linear":[111,119,128],"combination":[112,120,129],"images,":[116],"same":[118],"coefficients":[121],"directly":[124],"applied":[125],"shapes":[133],"construct":[135],"Our":[144],"experiments":[145],"have":[146],"convincingly":[147],"shown":[148],"effectiveness":[150],"efficiency":[152],"approach":[156],"both":[158],"speed":[159],"accuracy":[161],"performance":[162],"compared":[163],"other":[165],"methods.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}