{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2029337423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmcs.2012.6320203","title":"Gateway and Cluster Head Election using Fuzzy Logic in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks","display_name":"Gateway and Cluster Head Election using Fuzzy Logic in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2029337423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmcs.2012.6320203","mag":"2029337423"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icmcs.2012.6320203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmcs.2012.6320203","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021508073","display_name":"Said Ben Alla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1089-9948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Said Ben Alla","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAVETE laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Science and Technical Faculty, Hassan 1 University, Settat, Morocco","LAVETE laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Science and Technical Faculty, Hassan 1 University, Settat, 26000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAVETE laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Science and Technical Faculty, Hassan 1 University, Settat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAVETE laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Science and Technical Faculty, Hassan 1 University, Settat, 26000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011832565","display_name":"Abdellah Ezzati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1456-0661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdellah Ezzati","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAVETE laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Science and Technical Faculty, Hassan 1 University, Settat, Morocco","LAVETE laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Science and Technical Faculty, Hassan 1 University, Settat, 26000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAVETE laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Science and Technical Faculty, Hassan 1 University, Settat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAVETE laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Science and Technical Faculty, Hassan 1 University, Settat, 26000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080152452","display_name":"Mohsen Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9305-5040"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Mohsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAVETE laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Science and Technical Faculty, Hassan 1 University, Settat, Morocco","LAVETE laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Science and Technical Faculty, Hassan 1 University, Settat, 26000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAVETE laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Science and Technical Faculty, Hassan 1 University, Settat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAVETE laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Science and Technical Faculty, Hassan 1 University, Settat, 26000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6092,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90008105,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"761","last_page":"766"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.779915988445282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6929977536201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6870542764663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/default-gateway","display_name":"Default gateway","score":0.6831009984016418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.6697021722793579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.6372979879379272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5255497694015503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.510590136051178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gateway","display_name":"Gateway (web page)","score":0.49030807614326477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","score":0.4526413083076477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","score":0.44874709844589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4292599856853485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-node","display_name":"Sensor node","score":0.42459675669670105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.42100846767425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.38443630933761597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3632673919200897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.28067588806152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1814860999584198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13280817866325378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06867408752441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0661841630935669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.05806329846382141}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.779915988445282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6929977536201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6870542764663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187713609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465461","display_name":"Default gateway","level":2,"score":0.6831009984016418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6697021722793579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.6372979879379272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5255497694015503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.510590136051178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777710495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5527195","display_name":"Gateway (web page)","level":2,"score":0.49030807614326477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.4526413083076477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41971633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398155","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","level":4,"score":0.44874709844589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4292599856853485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111185680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3866206","display_name":"Sensor node","level":5,"score":0.42459675669670105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.42100846767425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38443630933761597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3632673919200897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.28067588806152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1814860999584198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13280817866325378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06867408752441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0661841630935669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.05806329846382141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icmcs.2012.6320203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmcs.2012.6320203","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493144892","https://openalex.org/W2104846640","https://openalex.org/W2108777122","https://openalex.org/W2116499814","https://openalex.org/W2119106551","https://openalex.org/W2143938200","https://openalex.org/W2274027521","https://openalex.org/W2377582545","https://openalex.org/W2914825457","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6629575236","https://openalex.org/W6694476599","https://openalex.org/W6709567235"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2540218377","https://openalex.org/W2799361348","https://openalex.org/W1518499115","https://openalex.org/W2122599377","https://openalex.org/W2915304347","https://openalex.org/W1977342959","https://openalex.org/W2080562317","https://openalex.org/W3045301923","https://openalex.org/W2053773563","https://openalex.org/W2152994296"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wireless":[0],"sensor":[1,79],"nodes":[2,109,169],"are":[3,110,132,136],"resource":[4],"constrained":[5],"and":[6,28,69,98,116,148,155,166,184],"have":[7,25,54],"limited":[8],"amount":[9],"of":[10,22,35,38,50,93,145,152,161],"energy.":[11],"Therefore,":[12],"designing":[13],"protocols":[14],"that":[15,30,177],"conserve":[16],"energy":[17,32,115,144,151,183],"is":[18,45,139,158,171],"an":[19],"important":[20],"area":[21],"research.":[23],"Researchers":[24],"investigated":[26],"architectures":[27],"topologies":[29],"allow":[31],"efficient":[33],"operation":[34],"WSNs.":[36],"One":[37],"the":[39,57,91,102,107,123,140,149,153,159,164,167,178,186],"popular":[40],"techniques":[41,53],"in":[42,56,76,122],"this":[43,60,82],"regard":[44],"clustering.":[46],"The":[47],"different":[48],"methods":[49],"node":[51,147,165],"clustering":[52],"appeared":[55],"literature.":[58],"In":[59,101],"paper,":[61],"we":[62],"propose":[63],"a":[64],"new":[65],"protocol":[66,83],"called":[67],"Gateway":[68],"Cluster":[70],"Head":[71,127],"Election":[72],"using":[73],"Fuzzy":[74],"Logic":[75],"heterogeneous":[77],"wireless":[78],"networks":[80],"(GCHE-FL),":[81],"uses":[84],"two":[85,129],"election":[86,104,125],"fuzzy":[87,130],"logic":[88],"to":[89,95,118],"evaluate":[90],"chance":[92],"sensors":[94],"become":[96],"gateway":[97],"cluster":[99],"head.":[100],"first":[103],"(Gateway":[105],"Election),":[106,128],"qualified":[108],"selected":[111],"based":[112],"on":[113],"their":[114],"proximity":[117],"base":[119],"station.":[120],"Then,":[121],"second":[124],"(Cluster":[126],"parameters":[131,135],"used.":[133],"These":[134],"efficiency":[137],"which":[138,157,170],"ratio":[141],"between":[142,163],"residual":[143],"each":[146],"average":[150],"cluster,":[154],"Cluster_Distance":[156],"sum":[160],"distances":[162],"others":[168],"within":[172],"cluster.":[173],"Simulation":[174],"results":[175],"show":[176],"proposed":[179],"approach":[180],"consumes":[181],"less":[182],"prolongs":[185],"network":[187],"life":[188],"time":[189],"compared":[190],"with":[191],"other":[192],"protocols.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}