{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2810967689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmcis.2018.8398730","title":"Towards an active, autonomous and intelligent cyber defense of military systems: The NATO AICA reference architecture","display_name":"Towards an active, autonomous and intelligent cyber defense of military systems: The NATO AICA reference architecture","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2810967689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmcis.2018.8398730","mag":"2810967689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icmcis.2018.8398730","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmcis.2018.8398730","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 International Conference on Military Communications and Information Systems (ICMCIS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083793785","display_name":"Paul Th\u00e9ron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-5615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140930","display_name":"Thales (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/04emwm605","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140930"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul Theron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Thales, Salon de Provence, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Thales, Salon de Provence, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012477590","display_name":"Alexander Kott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1147-9726"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Kott","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074824356","display_name":"Martin Dra\u0161ar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9623-1756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21449261","display_name":"Masaryk University","ror":"https://ror.org/02j46qs45","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21449261"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Drasar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21449261"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023725899","display_name":"Krzysztof Rza\u1e11ca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4176-853X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4654613","display_name":"University of Warsaw","ror":"https://ror.org/039bjqg32","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4654613"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krzysztof Rzadca","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4654613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111478934","display_name":"Beno\u00eet LeBlanc","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163718","display_name":"\u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure d'Architecture et de Paysage de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/05576mm83","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163718"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benoit LeBlanc","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de Cognitique, Bordeaux, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de Cognitique, Bordeaux, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039830415","display_name":"Mauno Pihelgas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802296436","display_name":"NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence","ror":"https://ror.org/050reks70","country_code":"EE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802296436","https://openalex.org/I4210162703"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mauno Pihelgas","raw_affiliation_strings":["NATO CCDCOE, Tallinn, Estonia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATO CCDCOE, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802296436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046905749","display_name":"Luigi V. Mancini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-2191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigi Mancini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapienza University, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapienza University, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077929826","display_name":"Agostino Panico","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agostino Panico","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapienza University, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapienza University, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083793785"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6608,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85677873,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12203","display_name":"Mobile Agent-Based Network Management","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7136571407318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.6597402691841125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5668396949768066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agent-architecture","display_name":"Agent architecture","score":0.48057031631469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autonomous-agent","display_name":"Autonomous agent","score":0.47538697719573975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-agent","display_name":"Intelligent agent","score":0.43045711517333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3660701811313629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20824402570724487}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7136571407318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.6597402691841125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5668396949768066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137703981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4692093","display_name":"Agent architecture","level":3,"score":0.48057031631469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13687954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826847","display_name":"Autonomous agent","level":2,"score":0.47538697719573975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74072328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142726","display_name":"Intelligent agent","level":2,"score":0.43045711517333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3660701811313629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20824402570724487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icmcis.2018.8398730","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icmcis.2018.8398730","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 International Conference on Military Communications and Information Systems (ICMCIS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/1527028","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1527028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W145551268","https://openalex.org/W292952644","https://openalex.org/W1775967664","https://openalex.org/W2026488152","https://openalex.org/W2039752283","https://openalex.org/W2052642746","https://openalex.org/W2085518751","https://openalex.org/W2103756065","https://openalex.org/W2106411464","https://openalex.org/W2122410182","https://openalex.org/W2127350252","https://openalex.org/W2131882595","https://openalex.org/W2150264269","https://openalex.org/W2460973957","https://openalex.org/W2537238206","https://openalex.org/W2623293810","https://openalex.org/W2794916063","https://openalex.org/W3170406251","https://openalex.org/W6605955422","https://openalex.org/W6682379457","https://openalex.org/W6749965710"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514940859","https://openalex.org/W4244883971","https://openalex.org/W620935004","https://openalex.org/W1490903399","https://openalex.org/W1543480674","https://openalex.org/W1998745449","https://openalex.org/W2049110658","https://openalex.org/W857573608","https://openalex.org/W2171071143","https://openalex.org/W1480870789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Within":[0],"the":[1,67,82,85,91,97,100,117,133,154,165],"future":[2,155],"Global":[3],"Information":[4],"Grid,":[5],"complex":[6],"massively":[7],"interconnected":[8],"systems,":[9],"isolated":[10],"defense":[11,76,127],"vehicles,":[12],"sensors":[13],"and":[14,16,18,35,47,69,93,109,120,149,163],"effectors,":[15],"infrastructures":[17],"systems":[19],"demanding":[20],"extremely":[21],"low":[22],"failure":[23],"rates,":[24],"to":[25,41,61],"which":[26],"human":[27],"security":[28],"operators":[29],"cannot":[30,36],"have":[31],"an":[32,44,59,72],"easy":[33],"access":[34],"deliver":[37],"fast":[38],"enough":[39],"reactions":[40],"cyber-attacks,":[42],"need":[43],"active,":[45],"autonomous":[46],"intelligent":[48],"cyber":[49],"defense.":[50],"Multi":[51,123],"Agent":[52,77,128],"Systems":[53],"for":[54],"Cyber":[55,75,126],"Defense":[56],"may":[57],"provide":[58],"answer":[60],"this":[62],"requirement.":[63],"This":[64],"paper":[65],"presents":[66],"concept":[68],"architecture":[70],"of":[71,84,99,116,122,143,157],"Autonomous":[73,124],"Intelligent":[74,125],"(AICA).":[78],"First,":[79],"we":[80,89,113,131,140,152],"describe":[81],"rationale":[83],"AICA":[86,101,136,166],"concept.":[87,169],"Secondly,":[88],"explain":[90],"methodology":[92],"purpose":[94],"that":[95,159],"drive":[96],"definition":[98],"Reference":[102,137],"Architecture":[103],"(AICARA)":[104],"by":[105],"NATO's":[106],"IST-152":[107],"Research":[108],"Technology":[110],"Group.":[111],"Thirdly,":[112],"review":[114],"some":[115],"main":[118],"features":[119],"challenges":[121],"(MAICA).":[129],"Fourthly,":[130],"depict":[132],"initially":[134],"assumed":[135],"Architecture.":[138],"Then":[139],"present":[141,153],"one":[142],"our":[144],"preliminary":[145],"research":[146,158],"issues,":[147],"assumptions":[148],"ideas.":[150],"Finally,":[151],"lines":[156],"will":[160],"help":[161],"develop":[162],"test":[164],"/":[167],"MAICA":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2018-07-10T00:00:00"}
