{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313854541","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icm56065.2022.10005537","title":"Generic Hardware Realization of K Nearest Neighbors on FPGA","display_name":"Generic Hardware Realization of K Nearest Neighbors on FPGA","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313854541","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icm56065.2022.10005537"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icm56065.2022.10005537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icm56065.2022.10005537","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086863517","display_name":"Mohammed H. Yacoub","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2056-3817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57629906","display_name":"Nile University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cg7cp61","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed H. Yacoub","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nile University,Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC),Giza,Egypt","Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC), Nile University, Giza, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nile University,Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC),Giza,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC), Nile University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103758133","display_name":"Samar M. Ismail","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samar M. Ismail","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Hertfordshire (UH-GAF),School of Engineering and Computer Science,Egypt","School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire (UH-GAF), Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hertfordshire (UH-GAF),School of Engineering and Computer Science,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire (UH-GAF), Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083130551","display_name":"Lobna A. Said","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8223-4625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57629906","display_name":"Nile University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cg7cp61","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lobna A. Said","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nile University,Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC),Giza,Egypt","Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC), Nile University, Giza, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nile University,Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC),Giza,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC), Nile University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035566088","display_name":"Ahmed H. Madian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8313-8088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57629906","display_name":"Nile University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cg7cp61","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131959","display_name":"National Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02n85j827","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed H. Madian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nile University,Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC),Giza,Egypt","Radiation Engineering Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt","Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC), Nile University, Giza, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nile University,Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC),Giza,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiation Engineering Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC), Nile University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069997789","display_name":"Ahmed G. Radwan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6119-8482"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57629906","display_name":"Nile University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cg7cp61","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed G. Radwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cairo University,Faculty of Engineering,Engineering Mathematics and Physics Department,Giza,Egypt,12613","School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nile University, Giza, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cairo University,Faculty of Engineering,Engineering Mathematics and Physics Department,Giza,Egypt,12613","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nile University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086863517"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5944,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6576774,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"169","last_page":"172"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.8254715800285339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.8087316155433655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors-algorithm","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","score":0.7471696138381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7372819185256958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6615046262741089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5927423238754272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sort","display_name":"sort","score":0.5857341885566711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.574409008026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gigabit","display_name":"Gigabit","score":0.4292116165161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42344963550567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.41013413667678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3412291407585144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.33678698539733887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3267938792705536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11397334933280945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11054819822311401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.0842607319355011}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.8254715800285339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.8087316155433655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113238511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071612","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","level":2,"score":0.7471696138381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7372819185256958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6615046262741089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5927423238754272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88548561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q347599","display_name":"sort","level":2,"score":0.5857341885566711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.574409008026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21922175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3105497","display_name":"Gigabit","level":2,"score":0.4292116165161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42344963550567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.41013413667678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3412291407585144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33678698539733887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3267938792705536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11397334933280945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11054819822311401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0842607319355011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icm56065.2022.10005537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icm56065.2022.10005537","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334111","display_name":"Innovation Fund","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500435738","https://openalex.org/W2044743451","https://openalex.org/W2112702040","https://openalex.org/W2131981197","https://openalex.org/W2143610178","https://openalex.org/W2216928620","https://openalex.org/W2606436201","https://openalex.org/W2740589650","https://openalex.org/W2786708967","https://openalex.org/W2900514437","https://openalex.org/W2952879406","https://openalex.org/W2981913269","https://openalex.org/W2991232928","https://openalex.org/W3034258799","https://openalex.org/W3170411256","https://openalex.org/W4231652024","https://openalex.org/W6630229306","https://openalex.org/W6688255819","https://openalex.org/W6741613141","https://openalex.org/W6765133963"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361805396","https://openalex.org/W2972254340","https://openalex.org/W2111241003","https://openalex.org/W1805912688","https://openalex.org/W2355315220","https://openalex.org/W4200391368","https://openalex.org/W2210979487","https://openalex.org/W187571081","https://openalex.org/W2373973507","https://openalex.org/W2316202402"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"K":[0,48],"Nearest":[1],"Neighbors":[2],"(KNN)":[3],"algorithm":[4,79,104],"is":[5,26,49,80],"a":[6,59,86],"straight-forward":[7],"yet":[8],"powerful":[9],"Machine":[10],"Learning":[11],"(ML)":[12],"tool":[13],"widely":[14],"used":[15],"in":[16],"classification,":[17],"clustering,":[18],"and":[19],"regression":[20],"applications.":[21],"In":[22],"this":[23],"work,":[24],"KNN":[25],"applied,":[27],"with":[28,112],"three":[29],"distance":[30,39,74],"metrics,":[31],"to":[32,89,106],"classify":[33,107],"different":[34],"datasets,":[35],"experimentally":[36],"testing":[37],"each":[38,73],"metric":[40,75],"effect":[41],"on":[42,58,66],"the":[43,52,97,109],"classification":[44],"performance.":[45],"A":[46,62],"static":[47],"applied":[50],"for":[51],"whole":[53],"dataset":[54],"optimally":[55],"chosen":[56],"based":[57],"5-fold":[60],"cross-validation.":[61],"reconfigurable":[63],"hardware":[64],"realization":[65,84],"field":[67],"programmable":[68],"gate":[69],"array":[70],"(FPGA)":[71],"of":[72,96],"applying":[76],"selection":[77],"sort":[78],"proposed.":[81],"The":[82,103],"FPGA":[83],"reaches":[85],"throughput":[87],"up":[88],"4.44":[90],"Gbit/sec":[91],"while":[92],"only":[93],"occupying":[94],"1%":[95],"Genesys":[98],"2":[99],"Kintex-7":[100],"board":[101],"area.":[102],"managed":[105],"all":[108],"tested":[110],"datasets":[111],"above":[113],"90%":[114],"accuracy.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}