{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3011579592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icm48031.2019.9021937","title":"A 4-bit 2ps Resolution Time-to-Digital Converter Utilizing Multi-Path Delay Line for ADPLL","display_name":"A 4-bit 2ps Resolution Time-to-Digital Converter Utilizing Multi-Path Delay Line for ADPLL","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3011579592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icm48031.2019.9021937","mag":"3011579592"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icm48031.2019.9021937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icm48031.2019.9021937","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 31st International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087779812","display_name":"Omar Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9796-5688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar. H. Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["EECE Dept., Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EECE Dept., Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056739018","display_name":"Kareem Rashed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7721-429X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kareem R. Rashed","raw_affiliation_strings":["EECE Dept., Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EECE Dept., Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032106340","display_name":"Faisal Hussien","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faisal A. Hussien","raw_affiliation_strings":["EECE Dept., Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EECE Dept., Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001606881","display_name":"Mohamed M. Aboudina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1968-9659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145487455","display_name":"Cairo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed M. Aboudina","raw_affiliation_strings":["EECE Dept., Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EECE Dept., Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145487455"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1211,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51077053,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"210","last_page":"213"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.7107351422309875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.6235969066619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5648625493049622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.542321503162384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utc-offset","display_name":"UTC offset","score":0.5050769448280334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.48306113481521606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.42497214674949646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.4163914918899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.41318830847740173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2072943150997162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20392310619354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17114272713661194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10962793231010437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7107351422309875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.6235969066619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5648625493049622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.542321503162384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185588997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187110","display_name":"UTC offset","level":3,"score":0.5050769448280334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.48306113481521606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42497214674949646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4163914918899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41318830847740173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2072943150997162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20392310619354248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17114272713661194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10962793231010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icm48031.2019.9021937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icm48031.2019.9021937","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 31st International Conference on Microelectronics (ICM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994184480","https://openalex.org/W2028941857","https://openalex.org/W2096434843","https://openalex.org/W2110764323","https://openalex.org/W2611384543","https://openalex.org/W2789248965","https://openalex.org/W2896315564"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4360897432","https://openalex.org/W2259446554","https://openalex.org/W2150900446","https://openalex.org/W2312947700","https://openalex.org/W3143847827","https://openalex.org/W2315263461","https://openalex.org/W2366278364","https://openalex.org/W2944607728","https://openalex.org/W753293653","https://openalex.org/W3090058014"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"low":[1,24],"power":[2],"high-resolution":[3],"time-to-digital":[4],"converter":[5],"(TDC)":[6],"is":[7,30,47],"presented.":[8],"It":[9,54],"utilizes":[10],"a":[11,18],"novel":[12],"multi-path":[13],"delay":[14,20,39],"line":[15,40],"to":[16,33],"achieve":[17],"sub-gate":[19],"resolution":[21,57],"while":[22,63],"consuming":[23],"power.":[25],"An":[26],"offset":[27],"calibration":[28],"scheme":[29],"also":[31],"introduced":[32],"cancel":[34],"offsets":[35],"of":[36],"both":[37],"the":[38,42],"and":[41,49,58],"flip-flop.":[43],"The":[44],"proposed":[45],"TDC":[46],"designed":[48],"simulated":[50],"in":[51],"40nm":[52],"technology.":[53],"achieves":[55],"2ps":[56],"1.5ps":[59],"peak-integral":[60],"non-linearity":[61],"(INL)":[62],"drawing":[64],"100uA":[65],"from":[66],"1.1V":[67],"supply":[68],"at":[69],"50MHz":[70],"input":[71],"frequency.":[72]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
