{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2055811170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icitcs.2014.7021723","title":"A Systematic Redundancy Approach in Watermarking Using Sudoku","display_name":"A Systematic Redundancy Approach in Watermarking Using Sudoku","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2055811170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icitcs.2014.7021723","mag":"2055811170"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icitcs.2014.7021723","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icitcs.2014.7021723","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 International Conference on IT Convergence and Security (ICITCS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024426142","display_name":"Shamsul Kamal Ahmad Khalid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3144-8708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I930072361","display_name":"Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/01c5wha71","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shamsul Kamal Ahmad Khalid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fac. of Comput. Sci. &amp; Inf. Technol., Univ. Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia","Fac. of Comput. Sci. & Inf. Technol., Univ. Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Comput. Sci. &amp; Inf. Technol., Univ. Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Comput. Sci. & Inf. Technol., Univ. Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025663548","display_name":"Mustafa Mat Deris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8722-1073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I930072361","display_name":"Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/01c5wha71","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mustafa Mat Deris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fac. of Comput. Sci. &amp; Inf. Technol., Univ. Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia","Fac. of Comput. Sci. & Inf. Technol., Univ. Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Comput. Sci. &amp; Inf. Technol., Univ. Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Comput. Sci. & Inf. Technol., Univ. Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037062752","display_name":"Kamaruddin Malik Mohamad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I930072361","display_name":"Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/01c5wha71","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamaruddin Malik Mohamad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fac. of Comput. Sci. &amp; Inf. Technol., Univ. Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia","Fac. of Comput. Sci. & Inf. Technol., Univ. Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Comput. Sci. &amp; Inf. Technol., Univ. Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fac. of Comput. Sci. & Inf. Technol., Univ. Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11987858,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9728000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.9411345720291138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.8082906007766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.7370067834854126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6790209412574768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lossy-compression","display_name":"Lossy compression","score":0.4890761971473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survivability","display_name":"Survivability","score":0.46069997549057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copy-protection","display_name":"Copy protection","score":0.4563407003879547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43364885449409485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.42310580611228943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4220316410064697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4050513207912445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.40209150314331055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.3537948727607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.32062727212905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.07119908928871155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.9411345720291138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.8082906007766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.7370067834854126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6790209412574768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165021410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55564","display_name":"Lossy compression","level":2,"score":0.4890761971473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781133158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088669","display_name":"Survivability","level":2,"score":0.46069997549057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780581891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15738686","display_name":"Copy protection","level":4,"score":0.4563407003879547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43364885449409485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.42310580611228943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4220316410064697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4050513207912445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.40209150314331055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.3537948727607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.32062727212905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.07119908928871155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icitcs.2014.7021723","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icitcs.2014.7021723","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 International Conference on IT Convergence and Security (ICITCS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005739828","https://openalex.org/W2028236159","https://openalex.org/W2093111246","https://openalex.org/W2095612451","https://openalex.org/W2104409284","https://openalex.org/W2135159168","https://openalex.org/W2142437260","https://openalex.org/W2142953206","https://openalex.org/W4234411441","https://openalex.org/W6675822108","https://openalex.org/W6681200688"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2080353903","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2158172156","https://openalex.org/W2135341755","https://openalex.org/W2040356834"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"watermarking":[1,47,60,77],"is":[2,43,61,80,84],"one":[3],"of":[4,52,89,98,143],"the":[5,18,50,53,87,108,113,144],"most":[6],"important":[7],"techniques":[8],"employed":[9],"to":[10,25,39,44,48,103],"protect":[11],"digital":[12,19],"contents.":[13],"Copyright":[14],"information":[15],"embedded":[16],"in":[17,58,65,76],"contents":[20],"may":[21],"become":[22],"undetectable":[23],"due":[24],"compression":[26],"and":[27,119,132],"additive":[28],"noise":[29],"attacks":[30,42,134],"introduced":[31],"into":[32],"a":[33,66,72],"watermarked":[34],"image.":[35],"A":[36],"general":[37],"strategy":[38],"overcome":[40],"such":[41],"embed":[45],"redundant":[46,59,96],"improve":[49],"survivability":[51,142],"watermark.":[54],"However,":[55],"current":[56],"approaches":[57],"generally":[62],"not":[63],"designed":[64],"systematic":[67,73],"way.":[68],"In":[69],"this":[70],"paper,":[71],"redundancy":[74],"approach":[75,83,115],"using":[78,135],"Sudoku":[79,111],"proposed.":[81],"The":[82,138],"based":[85],"on":[86],"property":[88],"Sudoku's":[90],"permutation":[91],"that":[92],"provide":[93],"tightly":[94],"related,":[95],"copies":[97],"watermark":[99,145],"pieces":[100],"discretely":[101],"distributed":[102],"different":[104],"hiding":[105],"planes.":[106],"Using":[107],"classic":[109],"9X9":[110],"puzzle,":[112],"proposed":[114],"has":[116],"been":[117],"implemented":[118],"tested":[120],"with":[121],"Gaussian,":[122],"compression,":[123],"poisson,":[124],"speckle,":[125],"low":[126],"pass":[127,130],"filter,":[128],"high":[129],"filter":[131],"contrast":[133],"standard":[136],"images.":[137],"result":[139],"indicates":[140],"sustained":[141],"under":[146],"common":[147],"attacks.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
