{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4379984423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit58465.2023.10143168","title":"Vehicle State Classification from Drone Image","display_name":"Vehicle State Classification from Drone Image","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4379984423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit58465.2023.10143168"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icit58465.2023.10143168","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icit58465.2023.10143168","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027674527","display_name":"Youlkyeong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5806-7502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youlkyeong Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulsan,Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering,Ulsan,Korea","Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulsan,Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering,Ulsan,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100358164","display_name":"Seong\u2013Min Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6809-8126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seongmin Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulsan,Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering,Ulsan,Korea","Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulsan,Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering,Ulsan,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010132145","display_name":"Jehwan Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8494-2170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jehwan Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulsan,Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering,Ulsan,Korea","Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulsan,Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering,Ulsan,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044448641","display_name":"Kang-Hyun Jo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4937-7082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kanghyun Jo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulsan,Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering,Ulsan,Korea","Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulsan,Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering,Ulsan,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6069,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75564356,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.8193447589874268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7319993376731873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.7006714344024658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.6418254375457764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6384122371673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5599774718284607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5544779896736145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5232768654823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4849731922149658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4671952724456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4654444456100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.41822394728660583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.41238850355148315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.40143412351608276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0903460681438446}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.8193447589874268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7319993376731873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.7006714344024658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.6418254375457764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6384122371673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5599774718284607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5544779896736145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5232768654823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4849731922149658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4671952724456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4654444456100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.41822394728660583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.41238850355148315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40143412351608276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0903460681438446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icit58465.2023.10143168","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icit58465.2023.10143168","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2601564443","https://openalex.org/W2761568138","https://openalex.org/W2765407302","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2894967790","https://openalex.org/W2896642734","https://openalex.org/W2899663614","https://openalex.org/W2962850830","https://openalex.org/W3018757597","https://openalex.org/W3034140121","https://openalex.org/W3034522582","https://openalex.org/W3084173793","https://openalex.org/W3114563362","https://openalex.org/W3118240751","https://openalex.org/W3195268397","https://openalex.org/W3205100603","https://openalex.org/W3206263120","https://openalex.org/W3208826636","https://openalex.org/W4280527735","https://openalex.org/W4281648893","https://openalex.org/W4313189008","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6753412334","https://openalex.org/W6755977528","https://openalex.org/W6769782826","https://openalex.org/W6777046832","https://openalex.org/W6779510507","https://openalex.org/W6801564760","https://openalex.org/W6802599522"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229448053","https://openalex.org/W4247925126","https://openalex.org/W4327774218","https://openalex.org/W2059768187","https://openalex.org/W4312858960","https://openalex.org/W4386036939","https://openalex.org/W4379143281","https://openalex.org/W2605096541","https://openalex.org/W3200286695","https://openalex.org/W3209312100"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,40,123],"use":[1],"of":[2,68,142,160,165],"drone":[3,51],"views":[4],"helps":[5],"to":[6,20,64,105,114],"create":[7,115],"a":[8,72,96,101,116,140,147,153,163],"safe":[9],"transportation":[10],"system":[11],"by":[12,34,92],"providing":[13],"various":[14],"traffic":[15],"information.":[16],"This":[17,145],"paper":[18],"aims":[19],"identify":[21,65],"changes":[22],"in":[23,45,156,168],"ground":[24],"vehicle":[25,41,133],"movements,":[26],"such":[27],"as":[28],"stopping,":[29],"lane":[30],"changing,":[31],"and":[32,55,82,162],"safety,":[33],"tracking":[35],"vehicles":[36],"on":[37],"the":[38,49,56,61,66,69,76,111,132,137,157],"road.":[39],"condition":[42],"is":[43,58],"determined":[44],"two":[46],"ways.":[47],"First,":[48],"collected":[50],"images":[52],"are":[53,87],"refined,":[54],"data":[57],"augmented":[59],"using":[60],"mixup":[62],"method":[63],"state":[67,134],"vehicle.":[70],"Second,":[71],"proposed":[73],"learning":[74],"model,":[75],"Wide":[77],"Area":[78],"Feature":[79],"Extraction":[80],"(WAFE),":[81],"Deformable":[83],"Residual":[84],"Module":[85],"(DRM)":[86],"used.":[88],"WAFE":[89],"generates":[90],"features":[91],"extracting":[93],"objects":[94],"across":[95],"wide":[97],"area.":[98],"DRM":[99],"utilizes":[100],"deformable":[102],"convolutional":[103],"layer":[104,113],"extract":[106],"features,":[107],"incorporating":[108],"information":[109],"from":[110],"previous":[112],"feature":[117],"map":[118],"with":[119,136,152],"receptive":[120],"field":[121],"flexibility.":[122],"experimental":[124],"results":[125],"indicate":[126],"an":[127],"88.6":[128],"%":[129,167],"accuracy":[130],"for":[131],"classification,":[135],"model":[138],"containing":[139],"total":[141,158],"1.27M":[143],"parameters.":[144],"represents":[146],"significant":[148],"improvement":[149],"over":[150],"DRN_C_26,":[151],"decrease":[154],"95%":[155],"number":[159],"parameters":[161],"difference":[164],"1.06":[166],"accuracy.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
