{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2413104698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2016.7474903","title":"Dual-stage model predictive control of modular multilevel converter","display_name":"Dual-stage model predictive control of modular multilevel converter","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2413104698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2016.7474903","mag":"2413104698"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icit.2016.7474903","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2016.7474903","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065543182","display_name":"Apparao Dekka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9968-5956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Apparao Dekka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100742653","display_name":"Bin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8166-6020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032396223","display_name":"Venkata Yaramsu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203172682","display_name":"Northern Arizona University","ror":"https://ror.org/0272j5188","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Venkata Yaramsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical Engg and Computer Science, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engg and Computer Science, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019055429","display_name":"Navid R. Zargari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8747-1507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127883","display_name":"Rockwell Automation (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/02qm4q539","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127883","https://openalex.org/I57053284"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navid R. Zargari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medium-Voltage Drive R&D, Rockwell Automation, Cambridge, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medium-Voltage Drive R&D, Rockwell Automation, Cambridge, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127883"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065543182"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4914,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8398018,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1073","last_page":"1078"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9333000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10361","display_name":"Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies","score":0.9253000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-predictive-control","display_name":"Model predictive control","score":0.8025151491165161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.6898247599601746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6676506400108337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.6024184226989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ripple","display_name":"Ripple","score":0.5921692252159119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-harmonic-distortion","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","score":0.5696064829826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5690698027610779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5660595297813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic","display_name":"Harmonic","score":0.4581536054611206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3931736350059509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.34171658754348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3164961338043213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.8025151491165161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.6898247599601746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6676506400108337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.6024184226989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779599953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1776117","display_name":"Ripple","level":3,"score":0.5921692252159119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42156128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162641","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","level":3,"score":0.5696064829826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5690698027610779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5660595297813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127934551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098","display_name":"Harmonic","level":2,"score":0.4581536054611206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3931736350059509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34171658754348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3164961338043213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icit.2016.7474903","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2016.7474903","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964350159","https://openalex.org/W1969526018","https://openalex.org/W1979366021","https://openalex.org/W1993830253","https://openalex.org/W2042474474","https://openalex.org/W2043199747","https://openalex.org/W2047937098","https://openalex.org/W2080737096","https://openalex.org/W2091662440","https://openalex.org/W2097663727","https://openalex.org/W2112169395","https://openalex.org/W2116770400","https://openalex.org/W2133617054","https://openalex.org/W2165542296","https://openalex.org/W2314228508","https://openalex.org/W2316904322","https://openalex.org/W2320858657","https://openalex.org/W2328229040","https://openalex.org/W2329409229","https://openalex.org/W2329422692","https://openalex.org/W2333313960","https://openalex.org/W2334341540"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229441739","https://openalex.org/W4303411445","https://openalex.org/W4207040089","https://openalex.org/W2384455639","https://openalex.org/W1519622926","https://openalex.org/W3109306766","https://openalex.org/W2944076747","https://openalex.org/W4286587111","https://openalex.org/W2999364115","https://openalex.org/W2637482151"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,20,34,51,128,165,185],"control":[1,18,23,31,35,119,140],"of":[2,68,80,87,97,139,146,163,171,194],"modular":[3],"multilevel":[4],"converter":[5],"(MMC)":[6],"is":[7,25,58,90,188],"quite":[8,73],"challenging":[9],"and":[10,28,44,60,75,92,125,136,180,197],"demands":[11],"a":[12,40,102],"flexible":[13],"approach":[14,167,196],"to":[15,30,62,94,190],"achieve":[16],"multiple":[17],"objectives.":[19],"model":[21],"predictive":[22],"(MPC)":[24],"highly":[26],"effective":[27],"suitable":[29],"the":[32,66,85,116,151,160,175,192],"MMC.":[33,112],"objectives":[36,120,131,141],"are":[37,72,121,132,142,200],"included":[38],"in":[39,134,144,182],"single":[41],"cost":[42,56],"function":[43,57],"evaluated":[45,133,143],"for":[46,111],"all":[47],"possible":[48],"switching":[49,52,70,96,170],"states.":[50],"state":[53],"which":[54],"minimizes":[55,174],"selected":[59],"applied":[61],"converter.":[63],"In":[64,113],"MMC,":[65],"number":[67,79],"available":[69],"states":[71],"high":[74],"drastically":[76],"increase":[77],"with":[78,107,202],"submodules":[81,172],"per":[82],"arm.":[83],"Therefore,":[84],"implementation":[86],"conventional":[88],"MPC":[89,106],"difficult":[91],"contributes":[93],"unwanted":[95,169],"submodules.":[98],"This":[99],"paper":[100],"proposes":[101],"less":[103],"computational,":[104],"dual-stage":[105],"common-mode":[108],"voltage":[109,177],"injection":[110],"this":[114],"approach,":[115],"overall":[117],"MMC":[118],"categorized":[122],"into":[123],"primary":[124,129],"secondary":[126,137],"group.":[127],"group":[130,138],"first-stage":[135],"second-stage":[145],"MPC.":[147,164,204],"By":[148],"doing":[149],"so,":[150],"computational":[152],"complexity":[153],"can":[154],"be":[155],"significantly":[156],"minimized":[157],"without":[158],"affecting":[159],"dynamic":[161],"response":[162],"proposed":[166,195],"avoids":[168],"and,":[173],"output":[176,183],"harmonic":[178],"distortion":[179],"ripple":[181],"current.":[184],"simulation":[186],"study":[187],"conducted":[189],"verify":[191],"effectiveness":[193],"corresponding":[198],"results":[199],"compared":[201],"standard":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T13:04:00.132906","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}