{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2414017718","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2016.7474839","title":"A self-adaptive algorithm to defeat text-based CAPTCHA","display_name":"A self-adaptive algorithm to defeat text-based CAPTCHA","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2414017718","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2016.7474839","mag":"2414017718"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icit.2016.7474839","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2016.7474839","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/A_self-adaptive_algorithm_to_defeat_text-based_CAPTCHA/13685527","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100423443","display_name":"Ye Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1748-6890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ye Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102151429","display_name":"Mi Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mi Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100423443"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.63968599,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96737426,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"720","last_page":"725"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/captcha","display_name":"CAPTCHA","score":0.994454026222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turing-test","display_name":"Turing test","score":0.8888587951660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8319045901298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5494897365570068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.5141913890838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4951752722263336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4767264425754547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.44142115116119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.35288575291633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12650766968727112}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163339463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484598","display_name":"CAPTCHA","level":2,"score":0.994454026222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C577917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189223","display_name":"Turing test","level":2,"score":0.8888587951660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8319045901298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5494897365570068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.5141913890838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4951752722263336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4767264425754547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.44142115116119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.35288575291633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12650766968727112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icit.2016.7474839","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icit.2016.7474839","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/13685527","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/A_self-adaptive_algorithm_to_defeat_text-based_CAPTCHA/13685527","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13685527.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13685527.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/13685527","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/A_self-adaptive_algorithm_to_defeat_text-based_CAPTCHA/13685527","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2414017718.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2414017718.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101073733","https://openalex.org/W1552934261","https://openalex.org/W1603565383","https://openalex.org/W1874076486","https://openalex.org/W1984672166","https://openalex.org/W1993981351","https://openalex.org/W2001642682","https://openalex.org/W2021586009","https://openalex.org/W2031094399","https://openalex.org/W2061777480","https://openalex.org/W2077747248","https://openalex.org/W2083821304","https://openalex.org/W2088301450","https://openalex.org/W2090550165","https://openalex.org/W2105523261","https://openalex.org/W2105754811","https://openalex.org/W2131805625","https://openalex.org/W2164863177","https://openalex.org/W2233663770","https://openalex.org/W4245100975","https://openalex.org/W6604173503","https://openalex.org/W6650820226","https://openalex.org/W6679579731"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312500010","https://openalex.org/W2086464669","https://openalex.org/W2313567600","https://openalex.org/W2965099444","https://openalex.org/W1999034556","https://openalex.org/W1998496804","https://openalex.org/W1991242267","https://openalex.org/W2910114670","https://openalex.org/W3144744384","https://openalex.org/W3015118614"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"CAPTCHA":[0,96],"(Completely":[1],"Automated":[2],"Public":[3],"Turing":[4],"test":[5],"to":[6,19,37,65,87,124],"Tell":[7],"Computers":[8],"and":[9,79],"Humans":[10],"Apart)":[11],"is":[12,27,136],"almost":[13],"everywhere":[14],"in":[15],"data":[16],"entry":[17],"due":[18],"automated":[20],"scripts":[21],"like":[22],"bots.":[23],"Nowadays,":[24],"text-based":[25],"scheme":[26],"still":[28],"applied":[29],"most":[30],"widely,":[31],"which":[32],"typically":[33],"need":[34,123],"the":[35,45,55,67,92,102,110,134],"users":[36],"answer":[38],"questions":[39],"regarding":[40],"recognition":[41],"task.":[42],"In":[43,70,126],"particular,":[44],"segmentations":[46],"of":[47,50,109,113,120,133],"different":[48],"types":[49],"CAPTCHAs":[51,90,121],"are":[52,100,116,139],"not":[53],"always":[54],"same.":[56],"As":[57],"so":[58],"far,":[59],"there":[60],"isn\u2019t":[61],"any":[62],"universal":[63],"way":[64],"solve":[66],"segmentation":[68],"problems.":[69],"this":[71,127],"paper,":[72],"we":[73,83,98,122,129],"present":[74],"a":[75,85],"novel":[76],"adaptive":[77],"algorithm":[78],"based":[80],"on":[81],"that":[82,131],"create":[84],"system":[86],"defeat":[88],"several":[89],"at":[91],"same":[93],"time.":[94],"The":[95],"datasets":[97],"used":[99],"from":[101],"State":[103],"Administration":[104],"for":[105],"Industry":[106],"&":[107],"Commerce":[108],"People\u2019s":[111],"Republic":[112],"China.":[114],"There":[115],"totally":[117],"33":[118],"entrances":[119],"solve.":[125],"experiments,":[128],"assume":[130],"each":[132],"entrance":[135],"known.":[137],"Results":[138],"provided":[140],"showing":[141],"how":[142],"our":[143],"algorithms":[144],"work":[145],"well":[146],"towards":[147],"these":[148],"CAPTCHAs.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-02-12T00:53:03.260389","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}