{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297802320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icis54925.2022.9882343","title":"Using Extended Character Feature in Bi-LSTM for DGA Domain Name Detection","display_name":"Using Extended Character Feature in Bi-LSTM for DGA Domain Name Detection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297802320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icis54925.2022.9882343"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icis54925.2022.9882343","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icis54925.2022.9882343","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE/ACIS 22nd International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084188818","display_name":"Rui Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6695-1541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130112","display_name":"China Academy of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038dte259","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rui Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Academy of Information and Communications Technology,Institute of Industrial Internet &#x0026; Internet of Things,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Academy of Information and Communications Technology,Institute of Industrial Internet &#x0026; Internet of Things,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100762325","display_name":"Jian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6740-6043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130112","display_name":"China Academy of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038dte259","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Academy of Information and Communications Technology,Institute of Industrial Internet &#x0026; Internet of Things,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Academy of Information and Communications Technology,Institute of Industrial Internet &#x0026; Internet of Things,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004976648","display_name":"Hanyuan Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanyuan Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University,School of Software,Beijing,China","School of Software, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University,School of Software,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066846708","display_name":"Xiaoshan Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6782-5571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoshan Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University,School of Software,Beijing,China","School of Software, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University,School of Software,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084188818"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4256,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8260533,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"115","last_page":"118"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8068294525146484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.7548274993896484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.6514878273010254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6406775712966919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.6314074397087097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6311856508255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5935996174812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.517941415309906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-name","display_name":"Domain name","score":0.4166703224182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.07247716188430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07127842307090759}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8068294525146484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7548274993896484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.6514878273010254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6406775712966919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.6314074397087097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6311856508255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5935996174812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.517941415309906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988987868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32635","display_name":"Domain name","level":3,"score":0.4166703224182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.07247716188430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07127842307090759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icis54925.2022.9882343","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icis54925.2022.9882343","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE/ACIS 22nd International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077280310","https://openalex.org/W2546910111","https://openalex.org/W2773270814","https://openalex.org/W2900892325","https://openalex.org/W2912755644","https://openalex.org/W2971890500","https://openalex.org/W3038175633","https://openalex.org/W3046395559","https://openalex.org/W3135584010","https://openalex.org/W3138752459","https://openalex.org/W6729497825"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2811390910","https://openalex.org/W2146076056","https://openalex.org/W2144059113","https://openalex.org/W3003836766","https://openalex.org/W2136054869","https://openalex.org/W42449913","https://openalex.org/W2016461833","https://openalex.org/W2382607599","https://openalex.org/W3197541072","https://openalex.org/W2171915408"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"detection":[1,87,121],"of":[2,25,38,59,91,127],"DGA":[3,18,68,75],"domain":[4,27,69,76,92],"name":[5,70,93],"has":[6],"become":[7],"a":[8,22],"central":[9],"topic":[10],"in":[11,14,34,67,112],"network":[12,46],"security":[13],"recent":[15],"years.":[16],"With":[17],"(Domain":[19],"Generation":[20],"Algorithm),":[21],"large":[23],"number":[24],"pseudo-random":[26],"names":[28],"could":[29,118],"be":[30],"generated":[31],"and":[32,44,63],"used":[33],"DDoS":[35],"(Distributed":[36],"Denial":[37],"Service)":[39],"attacks,":[40],"reflection":[41],"amplification":[42],"attacks":[43],"other":[45],"attacks.":[47],"Traditional":[48],"deep":[49],"learning":[50],"algorithms":[51],"based":[52],"on":[53],"character":[54,98,110],"feature":[55,61,111],"have":[56],"the":[57,78,86,101,120],"advantages":[58],"automatic":[60],"extraction":[62],"shorter":[64],"training":[65],"time":[66],"detection.":[71],"But":[72],"for":[73,100],"wordlist-based":[74],"name,":[77],"accuracy":[79],"is":[80],"lower.":[81],"In":[82,123],"order":[83],"to":[84,96,132],"improve":[85,119],"accuracy,":[88],"semantic":[89],"features":[90,99],"are":[94],"extracted":[95],"extend":[97],"first":[102],"time.":[103],"Experiment":[104],"results":[105],"show":[106],"that":[107],"using":[108],"extended":[109],"Bi-LSTM":[113],"(Bi-Directional":[114],"Long":[115],"Short-Term":[116],"Memory)":[117],"performance.":[122],"multi-classification,":[124],"micro":[125],"average":[126],"F1":[128],"score":[129],"reaches":[130],"up":[131],"98.72%.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
