{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7129681790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icipw68931.2025.11385846","title":"Evaluating Human-Curated and AI-Generated Affective Images in the Valence-Arousal Space Using a Multimodal AI Agent","display_name":"Evaluating Human-Curated and AI-Generated Affective Images in the Valence-Arousal Space Using a Multimodal AI Agent","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7129681790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icipw68931.2025.11385846"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icipw68931.2025.11385846","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icipw68931.2025.11385846","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing Workshops (ICIPW)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021422275","display_name":"Leandros Stefanopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2682-5639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leandros Stefanopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University,Evanston,IL,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University,Evanston,IL,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021422275"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82907465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"737","last_page":"742"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.7717000246047974,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.7717000246047974,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13219","display_name":"Mind wandering and attention","score":0.037700001150369644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12488","display_name":"Mental Health via Writing","score":0.02979999966919422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5622000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affective-computing","display_name":"Affective computing","score":0.5473999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.513700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.4968000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/valence","display_name":"Valence (chemistry)","score":0.4851999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4657999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.398499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-affective-picture-system","display_name":"International Affective Picture System","score":0.35499998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6044999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6000999808311462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5622000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6438553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185804","display_name":"Affective computing","level":2,"score":0.5473999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.513700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.4968000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168900304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171407","display_name":"Valence (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4851999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4657999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.398499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779125066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2654001","display_name":"International Affective Picture System","level":3,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3521000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.33629998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36951298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379784","display_name":"Arousal","level":2,"score":0.33410000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.3034000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.2962999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.28369998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987933465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141130","display_name":"Image manipulation","level":3,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101068787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q475042","display_name":"Experimental psychology","level":3,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.2587999999523163}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icipw68931.2025.11385846","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icipw68931.2025.11385846","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing Workshops (ICIPW)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2043091110","https://openalex.org/W2149628368","https://openalex.org/W2274642938","https://openalex.org/W4390202391","https://openalex.org/W4390874482","https://openalex.org/W4404797416","https://openalex.org/W4410195948"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,163],"research":[1],"introduces":[2],"a":[3,15,24,39,62,150],"framework":[4],"for":[5,47,116],"comparative":[6],"evaluation":[7],"of":[8,26,41,99,123,154,169,178],"human-curated":[9,28],"versus":[10],"AI-generated":[11,125],"affective":[12,101,155,170],"images":[13,29,44,92],"using":[14],"multimodal":[16],"AI":[17,85,135],"agent.":[18],"The":[19,50,130],"dataset":[20,52],"(N=80":[21],"pictures)":[22],"includes":[23],"selection":[25],"40":[27,42],"from":[30],"the":[31,57,71,94,100,120,124,134,140,167],"Open":[32],"Affective":[33],"Standardized":[34],"Image":[35,59],"Set":[36],"(OASIS),":[37],"and":[38,81,96,118,128,143,152,176,187],"set":[40,127],"synthetic":[43,51],"generated":[45],"specifically":[46],"this":[48],"study.":[49],"was":[53,87],"created":[54],"by":[55,172],"prompting":[56],"\u201cGPT":[58],"1\u201d":[60],"model,":[61],"specialized":[63],"image":[64,114,126],"generation":[65,175],"model":[66],"built":[67],"on":[68],"GPT-4o,":[69],"with":[70,139,181],"goal":[72],"to":[73,89,108,166],"represent":[74],"four":[75],"target":[76],"emotional":[77],"states\u2014Excitement,":[78],"Frustration,":[79],"Boredom,":[80],"Relaxation.":[82],"A":[83],"custom":[84],"agent":[86,113,136],"deployed":[88],"rate":[90],"all":[91],"along":[93],"valence":[95],"arousal":[97],"dimensions":[98],"circumplex":[102],"model.":[103],"Statistical":[104],"analyses":[105],"were":[106],"performed":[107],"compare:":[109],"(1)":[110],"human":[111,141],"vs":[112],"ratings":[115,122,142],"OASIS":[117],"(2)":[119],"agent\u2019s":[121],"OASIS.":[129],"findings":[131],"indicate":[132],"that":[133,144],"reliably":[137],"aligned":[138],"GPT-4o":[145],"can":[146],"serve":[147],"as":[148],"both":[149],"generator":[151],"evaluator":[153],"content,":[156],"thus":[157],"supporting":[158],"scalable,":[159],"human-free":[160],"validation":[161],"pipelines.":[162],"approach":[164],"contributes":[165],"field":[168],"computing":[171],"enabling":[173],"rapid":[174],"analysis":[177],"emotionevoking":[179],"stimuli,":[180],"potential":[182],"applications":[183],"in":[184],"experimental":[185],"psychology":[186],"mental":[188],"health.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-23T20:09:44.859080","created_date":"2026-02-18T00:00:00"}
