{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413277790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084748","title":"Multi-Level Statistical Model Guidance Improves Generalization for Biometric Synthetic Face Detection","display_name":"Multi-Level Statistical Model Guidance Improves Generalization for Biometric Synthetic Face Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413277790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084748"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084748","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084748","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020327450","display_name":"Jacob Piland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6140-7734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Piland","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Notre Dame,IN,46556"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Notre Dame,IN,46556","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103104238","display_name":"Christopher Sweet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8214-7177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Sweet","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame,Center for Research Computing,Notre Dame,IN,46556"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame,Center for Research Computing,Notre Dame,IN,46556","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067121774","display_name":"Adam Czajka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2379-2533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Czajka","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Notre Dame,IN,46556"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Notre Dame,IN,46556","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20820746,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2031","last_page":"2036"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9412999749183655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.8654302358627319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.6884070634841919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6639783382415771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6034396886825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5798361301422119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.47487685084342957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.47332295775413513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3997526168823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21083217859268188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.8654302358627319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.6884070634841919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6639783382415771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6034396886825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5798361301422119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.47487685084342957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47332295775413513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3997526168823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21083217859268188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084748","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084748","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2510899574","https://openalex.org/W2950352474","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2963080198","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W3034600949","https://openalex.org/W3035574324","https://openalex.org/W3088909400","https://openalex.org/W4379468553","https://openalex.org/W4385484538"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076845124","https://openalex.org/W2183964146","https://openalex.org/W2379932303","https://openalex.org/W2095239294","https://openalex.org/W3147744369","https://openalex.org/W2062586268","https://openalex.org/W2116423617","https://openalex.org/W2347824352","https://openalex.org/W2112875849","https://openalex.org/W2384651879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Energy-Based":[0,116],"Models":[1],"(EBMs)":[2],"modify":[3,94],"dataset":[4],"entropy":[5,75,95,130],"to":[6,45,76,93,139],"claim":[7],"high":[8,78],"calibration":[9,82,135],"and":[10,83,115,128,136],"adversarial":[11,84,137],"robustness.":[12],"Previously":[13],"hindered":[14],"in":[15,34,49],"real-world":[16,35],"tasks":[17,36],"by":[18],"a":[19,24,108],"reliance":[20],"on":[21,126],"generative":[22],"methods,":[23],"Non-Generative":[25],"EBM":[26,127],"(NGEBM)":[27],"has":[28,54,72],"been":[29,88],"developed.":[30],"However,":[31],"it's":[32,81],"accuracy":[33],"is":[37],"unprovenThe":[38],"use":[39],"of":[40,61],"Class":[41],"Activation":[42],"Maps":[43],"(CAMs)":[44],"guide":[46],"model":[47],"attention":[48],"choosing":[50],"features":[51],"during":[52],"training":[53],"seen":[55],"increasing":[56],"support.":[57],"Within":[58],"the":[59,65],"task":[60],"synthetic":[62,140],"face":[63,141],"detection":[64],"Directed":[66],"Region":[67],"Of":[68],"Interest":[69],"Diminution":[70],"(DROID)":[71],"used":[73],"CAM":[74,129],"achieve":[77],"accuracy,":[79],"but":[80],"robustness":[85,138],"have":[86],"not":[87],"demonstratedBoth":[89],"utilize":[90],"statistical":[91],"methods":[92],"at":[96],"different":[97],"levels,":[98],"each":[99],"offering":[100],"distinct":[101],"benefits.":[102],"In":[103],"this":[104],"paper":[105],"we":[106],"introduce":[107],"multiple":[109],"loss":[110,122],"function":[111,123],"component":[112],"model,":[113],"Regional":[114],"Integrated":[117],"Salience":[118],"(REBIS),":[119],"with":[120],"three":[121],"terms":[124],"building":[125],"approaches.":[131],"REBIS":[132],"brings":[133],"both":[134],"detection,":[142],"maintaining":[143],"its":[144],"state-of-the-art":[145],"accuracy.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}