{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413278279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084608","title":"Bits-to-Photon: End-to-End Learned Scalable Point Cloud Compression for Direct Rendering","display_name":"Bits-to-Photon: End-to-End Learned Scalable Point Cloud Compression for Direct Rendering","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413278279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084608","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084608","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087570320","display_name":"Yueyu Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4919-4515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueyu Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University,Tandon School of Engineering,Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering,Brooklyn,NY,USA,11201"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University,Tandon School of Engineering,Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering,Brooklyn,NY,USA,11201","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035969519","display_name":"Ran Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0354-0497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ran Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University,Tandon School of Engineering,Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering,Brooklyn,NY,USA,11201"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University,Tandon School of Engineering,Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering,Brooklyn,NY,USA,11201","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100319039","display_name":"Yao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3199-3802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University,Tandon School of Engineering,Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering,Brooklyn,NY,USA,11201"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University,Tandon School of Engineering,Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering,Brooklyn,NY,USA,11201","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0394,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9056402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"953","last_page":"958"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-to-end-principle","display_name":"End-to-end principle","score":0.76763916015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.622637927532196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5624173283576965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.5051034092903137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon","display_name":"Photon","score":0.4249744713306427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.4192023277282715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-point","display_name":"End point","score":0.4190804362297058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.2639966905117035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.22147464752197266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17916196584701538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.17673206329345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10006207227706909}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74296488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527392","display_name":"End-to-end principle","level":2,"score":0.76763916015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.622637927532196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5624173283576965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.5051034092903137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.4249744713306427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.4192023277282715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987804222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5376582","display_name":"End point","level":2,"score":0.4190804362297058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.2639966905117035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.22147464752197266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17916196584701538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.17673206329345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10006207227706909}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084608","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip55913.2025.11084608","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992642990","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W2963125977","https://openalex.org/W2976304245","https://openalex.org/W2979750740","https://openalex.org/W2990613095","https://openalex.org/W3170603795","https://openalex.org/W3174025609","https://openalex.org/W4221156617","https://openalex.org/W4224034487","https://openalex.org/W4297685253","https://openalex.org/W4310591442","https://openalex.org/W4312654212","https://openalex.org/W4377223899","https://openalex.org/W4382240751","https://openalex.org/W4385318467","https://openalex.org/W4386065823","https://openalex.org/W4387969376","https://openalex.org/W4388543857","https://openalex.org/W4402916938"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2151749779","https://openalex.org/W3179968364","https://openalex.org/W2389214306","https://openalex.org/W4399657678","https://openalex.org/W4407455352","https://openalex.org/W1999612375","https://openalex.org/W2607698475","https://openalex.org/W2964709658","https://openalex.org/W2796893706","https://openalex.org/W1881604308"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Point":[0],"cloud":[1,19,62,110],"is":[2,31,159],"a":[3,42,60,67,118],"promising":[4],"3D":[5,77,150],"representation":[6],"for":[7,148],"volumetric":[8],"streaming":[9,151],"in":[10,17,34],"emerging":[11],"AR/VR":[12],"applications.":[13],"Despite":[14],"recent":[15],"advances":[16],"point":[18,29,61,109,142],"compression,":[20],"decoding":[21,102,136],"and":[22,38,81,90,103,137],"rendering":[23,91,97,104,138],"high-quality":[24],"images":[25],"from":[26],"lossy":[27],"compressed":[28],"clouds":[30],"still":[32],"challenging":[33],"terms":[35],"of":[36,125,139],"quality":[37,98,141],"complexity,":[39],"making":[40],"it":[41],"major":[43],"roadblock":[44],"to":[45,75,86,107],"achieve":[46],"real-time":[47,134],"6-Degree-of-Freedom":[48],"video":[49],"streaming.":[50],"In":[51],"this":[52,56],"paper,":[53],"we":[54],"address":[55],"problem":[57],"by":[58],"developing":[59],"compression":[63,111],"scheme":[64,116],"which":[65],"generates":[66,117],"bit":[68,120],"stream":[69],"that":[70],"can":[71],"be":[72],"directly":[73],"decoded":[74],"renderable":[76],"Gaussians.":[78],"The":[79,157],"encoder":[80],"decoder":[82],"are":[83],"jointly":[84],"optimized":[85],"consider":[87],"both":[88],"bit-rates":[89],"quality.":[92],"It":[93],"significantly":[94],"improves":[95],"the":[96,114,146],"while":[99],"substantially":[100],"reducing":[101],"time,":[105],"compared":[106],"existing":[108],"methods.":[112],"Furthermore,":[113],"proposed":[115],"scalable":[119],"stream,":[121],"allowing":[122],"multiple":[123],"levels":[124],"details":[126],"at":[127,161],"different":[128],"bit-rate":[129],"ranges.":[130],"Our":[131],"method":[132],"supports":[133],"color":[135],"high":[140],"clouds,":[143],"thus":[144],"paving":[145],"way":[147],"interactive":[149],"applications":[152],"with":[153],"free":[154],"view":[155],"points.":[156],"code":[158],"available":[160],"https://github.com/huzi96/bits2photon.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}