{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308237660","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897912","title":"Beyond Bj\u00f8ntegaard: Limits of Video Compression Performance Comparisons","display_name":"Beyond Bj\u00f8ntegaard: Limits of Video Compression Performance Comparisons","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308237660","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897912"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897912","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897912","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607719","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048500216","display_name":"Christian Herglotz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8975-0171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Herglotz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU),Multimedia Communications and Signal Processing,Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU),Multimedia Communications and Signal Processing,Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054085718","display_name":"Matthias Kr\u00e4nzler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0515-8168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Kranzler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU),Multimedia Communications and Signal Processing,Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU),Multimedia Communications and Signal Processing,Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000102626","display_name":"Ruben Mons","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruben Mons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU),Multimedia Communications and Signal Processing,Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU),Multimedia Communications and Signal Processing,Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062850220","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Kaup","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0929-5074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre Kaup","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU),Multimedia Communications and Signal Processing,Erlangen,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU),Multimedia Communications and Signal Processing,Erlangen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8413,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88080198,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"46","last_page":"50"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codec","display_name":"Codec","score":0.8618248701095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7562319040298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.5957826375961304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5642654299736023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.5346856117248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.5011601448059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-quality","display_name":"Video quality","score":0.49801087379455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.44119471311569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peak-signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Peak signal-to-noise ratio","score":0.41229188442230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30847498774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.28993308544158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.15140235424041748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10460734367370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.09970664978027344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161765866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184748","display_name":"Codec","level":2,"score":0.8618248701095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7562319040298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.5957826375961304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5642654299736023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.5346856117248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.5011601448059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103910844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2631256","display_name":"Video quality","level":3,"score":0.49801087379455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.44119471311569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154579607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3373850","display_name":"Peak signal-to-noise ratio","level":3,"score":0.41229188442230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30847498774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.28993308544158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.15140235424041748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10460734367370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.09970664978027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897912","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897912","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607719","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977661221","https://openalex.org/W2006650073","https://openalex.org/W2043292349","https://openalex.org/W2101700394","https://openalex.org/W2114770744","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2241147999","https://openalex.org/W2514926769","https://openalex.org/W2767995036","https://openalex.org/W2891315419","https://openalex.org/W3037232865","https://openalex.org/W3115093059","https://openalex.org/W3117047306","https://openalex.org/W3135530072","https://openalex.org/W3159092587"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3208761720","https://openalex.org/W2592064417","https://openalex.org/W1555023417","https://openalex.org/W2152097494","https://openalex.org/W2126491259","https://openalex.org/W2245085077","https://openalex.org/W2010147034","https://openalex.org/W4297350309","https://openalex.org/W4304208110","https://openalex.org/W3180886141"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"20":[1],"years,":[2,43],"the":[3,8,23,27,32,41,48,82,90,134],"gold":[4],"standard":[5],"to":[6,14,97,123,154],"evaluate":[7,98],"performance":[9,34,116,143],"of":[10,29,35,62,142,148,159],"video":[11,73],"codecs":[12,36],"is":[13,87,93,152],"calculate":[15],"average":[16],"differences":[17],"between":[18],"rate-distortion":[19],"curves,":[20],"also":[21,51],"called":[22],"\"Bj\u00f8ntegaard":[24],"Delta\".":[25],"With":[26],"help":[28],"this":[30,102,104,149],"tool,":[31],"compression":[33],"can":[37],"be":[38,155],"compared.":[39],"In":[40],"past":[42],"we":[44,121],"could":[45],"observe":[46],"that":[47],"calculus":[49],"was":[50],"deployed":[52],"for":[53,66,138],"other":[54,68],"metrics":[55,70,79],"than":[56],"bitrate":[57],"and":[58,110],"distortion":[59],"in":[60],"terms":[61],"peak":[63],"signal-to-noise":[64],"ratio,":[65],"example":[67],"quality":[69],"such":[71,80],"as":[72,81],"multi-method":[74],"assessment":[75],"fusion":[76],"or":[77],"hardware-dependent":[78],"decoding":[83],"energy.":[84],"However,":[85],"it":[86],"unclear":[88],"whether":[89],"Bj\u00f8ntegaard":[91],"Delta":[92],"a":[94,119,125,139,157],"valid":[95],"way":[96],"these":[99],"metrics.":[100,117,144],"To":[101],"end,":[103],"paper":[105],"reviews":[106],"several":[107],"interpolation":[108],"methods":[109],"evaluates":[111],"their":[112],"accuracy":[113,147],"using":[114],"different":[115],"As":[118],"result,":[120],"propose":[122],"use":[124],"novel":[126],"approach":[127],"based":[128],"on":[129],"Akima":[130],"interpolation,":[131],"which":[132],"returns":[133],"most":[135],"accurate":[136],"results":[137],"large":[140],"variety":[141],"The":[145],"approximation":[146],"new":[150],"method":[151],"determined":[153],"below":[156],"bound":[158],"1.5%.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-30T07:30:35.949966","created_date":"2022-11-09T00:00:00"}