{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308237314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897581","title":"Multi Label Image Classification using Adaptive Graph Convolutional Networks (ML-AGCN)","display_name":"Multi Label Image Classification using Adaptive Graph Convolutional Networks (ML-AGCN)","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308237314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897581"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897581","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607719","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/51776","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008489005","display_name":"Inder Pal Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4870-1426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Inder Pal Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg,Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust,Luxembourg","Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg,Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust,Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080787031","display_name":"Enjie Ghorbel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6878-0141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enjie Ghorbel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg,Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust,Luxembourg","Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg,Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust,Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025028067","display_name":"Oyebade K. Oyedotun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4652-1691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oyebade Oyedotun","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg,Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust,Luxembourg","Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg,Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust,Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083368272","display_name":"Djamila Aouada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7576-2064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Djamila Aouada","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg,Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust,Luxembourg","Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg,Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust,Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008489005"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4614,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8436672,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1806","last_page":"1810"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.7027842998504639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.6692845821380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5911132097244263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.42399922013282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4098709225654602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38361111283302307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3664475977420807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34419798851013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3317638635635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.26904046535491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2686800956726074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.11908411979675293}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.7027842998504639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.6692845821380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5911132097244263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.42399922013282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4098709225654602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38361111283302307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3664475977420807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34419798851013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3317638635635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.26904046535491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2686800956726074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.11908411979675293}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897581","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip46576.2022.9897581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607719","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/51776","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/51776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (2022); 2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Bordeaux, France [FR], 15-10-2022 to 19-10-2022","raw_type":"peer reviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/51776","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/51776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (2022); 2022 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Bordeaux, France [FR], 15-10-2022 to 19-10-2022","raw_type":"peer reviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1962468782","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2277195237","https://openalex.org/W2288122362","https://openalex.org/W2518918709","https://openalex.org/W2932399282","https://openalex.org/W2963697527","https://openalex.org/W2963745697","https://openalex.org/W2982112268","https://openalex.org/W3025313707","https://openalex.org/W3087020912","https://openalex.org/W3089555680","https://openalex.org/W3114928288","https://openalex.org/W3120129399","https://openalex.org/W3129011100","https://openalex.org/W3158982086","https://openalex.org/W3167456680","https://openalex.org/W4214673031","https://openalex.org/W4297733535","https://openalex.org/W7047843660"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2487162673","https://openalex.org/W2793211469","https://openalex.org/W2949152769","https://openalex.org/W4372354731","https://openalex.org/W2807634898","https://openalex.org/W1692008701","https://openalex.org/W2942366970","https://openalex.org/W2597588799","https://openalex.org/W4360593462","https://openalex.org/W2562400057"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,77,90],"novel":[4],"graph-based":[5],"approach":[6],"for":[7,40,68,80,94],"multi-label":[8,30],"image":[9],"classification":[10],"called":[11],"Multi-Label":[12],"Adaptive":[13],"Graph":[14],"Convolutional":[15],"Network":[16],"(ML-AGCN)":[17],"is":[18],"introduced.":[19],"Graph-based":[20],"methods":[21,117],"have":[22],"shown":[23],"great":[24],"potential":[25],"in":[26,58],"the":[27,37,56,70,82,97,120],"field":[28],"of":[29,122],"classification.":[31],"However,":[32],"these":[33],"approaches":[34],"heuristically":[35],"fix":[36],"graph":[38,74],"topology":[39,57],"modeling":[41,96],"label":[42],"dependencies,":[43],"which":[44],"might":[45],"be":[46],"not":[47],"optimal.":[48],"To":[49],"handle":[50],"that,":[51],"we":[52,63],"propose":[53],"to":[54],"learn":[55],"an":[59,65],"end-to-end":[60],"manner.":[61],"Specifically,":[62],"incorporate":[64],"attention-based":[66],"mechanism":[67,79],"estimating":[69],"pairwise":[71],"importance":[72],"between":[73,85],"nodes":[75],"and":[76,109],"similarity-based":[78],"conserving":[81],"feature":[83],"similarity":[84],"different":[86],"nodes.":[87],"This":[88],"offers":[89],"more":[91],"flexible":[92],"way":[93],"adaptively":[95],"graph.":[98],"Experimental":[99],"results":[100],"are":[101],"reported":[102],"on":[103],"two":[104],"well-known":[105],"datasets,":[106],"namely,":[107],"MS-COCO":[108],"VG-500.":[110],"Results":[111],"show":[112],"that":[113],"ML-AGCN":[114],"outperforms":[115],"state-of-the-art":[116],"while":[118],"reducing":[119],"number":[121],"model":[123],"parameters.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T06:14:27.290980","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}