{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3196077758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip42928.2021.9506780","title":"Hierarchical Variational Autoencoders For Visual Counterfactuals","display_name":"Hierarchical Variational Autoencoders For Visual Counterfactuals","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3196077758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip42928.2021.9506780","mag":"3196077758"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip42928.2021.9506780","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip42928.2021.9506780","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8736703/file/8736714.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007570122","display_name":"Nicolas Vercheval","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4704-1577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas Vercheval","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ghent University,TELIN-GAIM, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture,Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing,Belgium","Clifford Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ghent University,TELIN-GAIM, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture,Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clifford Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031078128","display_name":"Aleksandra Pi\u017eurica","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9322-4999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandra Pizurica","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ghent University,TELIN-GAIM, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture,Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing,Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ghent University,TELIN-GAIM, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture,Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2513","last_page":"2517"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.973800003528595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterfactual-conditional","display_name":"Counterfactual conditional","score":0.81556236743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6378581523895264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6369084119796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demonstrative","display_name":"Demonstrative","score":0.4663870334625244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.466305136680603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4631442725658417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3430979549884796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3246641159057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.12782219052314758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterfactual-thinking","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","score":0.10508498549461365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.10271841287612915}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71889745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783264","display_name":"Counterfactual conditional","level":3,"score":0.81556236743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6378581523895264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6369084119796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780277889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282301","display_name":"Demonstrative","level":2,"score":0.4663870334625244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.466305136680603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4631442725658417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3430979549884796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3246641159057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.12782219052314758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108650721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783253","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","level":2,"score":0.10508498549461365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.10271841287612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip42928.2021.9506780","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip42928.2021.9506780","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:8736703","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8736703","pdf_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8736703/file/8736714.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400478","display_name":"Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","host_organization_name":"Ghent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISBN: 9781665441155","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:8736703","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8736703","pdf_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8736703/file/8736714.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400478","display_name":"Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","host_organization_name":"Ghent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISBN: 9781665441155","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3196077758.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3196077758.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2143891888","https://openalex.org/W2188365844","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2594633041","https://openalex.org/W2603777577","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2753738274","https://openalex.org/W2913002991","https://openalex.org/W2914973752","https://openalex.org/W2922597488","https://openalex.org/W2953046278","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2962807820","https://openalex.org/W2962862931","https://openalex.org/W2962989257","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2963626105","https://openalex.org/W2966362896","https://openalex.org/W2970014727","https://openalex.org/W2995191098","https://openalex.org/W3013540672","https://openalex.org/W3023497337","https://openalex.org/W3041956526","https://openalex.org/W3091373078","https://openalex.org/W3096628760","https://openalex.org/W3096942073","https://openalex.org/W3099844187","https://openalex.org/W3103543904","https://openalex.org/W4206441558","https://openalex.org/W4206566734","https://openalex.org/W4288282543","https://openalex.org/W4295097398","https://openalex.org/W4295177495","https://openalex.org/W4320930577","https://openalex.org/W6687045409","https://openalex.org/W6730998768","https://openalex.org/W6734194636","https://openalex.org/W6736362960","https://openalex.org/W6737947904","https://openalex.org/W6739095351","https://openalex.org/W6743731764","https://openalex.org/W6746023985","https://openalex.org/W6752856019","https://openalex.org/W6757235116","https://openalex.org/W6765581519","https://openalex.org/W6765645076","https://openalex.org/W6780593937","https://openalex.org/W6891886391"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2349070548","https://openalex.org/W2106761869","https://openalex.org/W3013971854","https://openalex.org/W2099127512","https://openalex.org/W3138993881","https://openalex.org/W2029584511","https://openalex.org/W2365144106","https://openalex.org/W3036311697","https://openalex.org/W2598664120","https://openalex.org/W2908756572"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conditional":[0],"Variational":[1],"Auto":[2],"Encoders":[3],"(VAE)":[4],"are":[5,50],"gathering":[6],"significant":[7],"attention":[8],"as":[9,53,61],"an":[10,34],"Explainable":[11],"Artificial":[12],"Intelligence":[13],"(XAI)":[14],"tool.":[15],"The":[16],"codes":[17],"in":[18,101],"the":[19,62,76,79],"latent":[20],"space":[21],"provide":[22],"a":[23,37,59,99],"theoretically":[24],"sound":[25],"way":[26],"to":[27,82],"produce":[28],"counterfactuals,":[29],"i.e.":[30],"alterations":[31],"resulting":[32],"from":[33],"intervention":[35],"on":[36,44],"targeted":[38],"semantic":[39],"feature.":[40],"To":[41],"be":[42],"applied":[43],"real":[45],"images":[46],"more":[47],"complex":[48],"models":[49],"needed,":[51],"such":[52],"Hierarchical":[54,89],"CVAE.":[55],"This":[56],"comes":[57],"with":[58],"challenge":[60],"naive":[63],"conditioning":[64],"is":[65],"no":[66],"longer":[67],"effective.":[68],"In":[69],"this":[70,93],"paper":[71],"we":[72,86],"show":[73],"how":[74],"relaxing":[75],"effect":[77],"of":[78],"posterior":[80],"leads":[81],"successful":[83],"counterfactuals":[84],"and":[85],"introduce":[87],"VAEX1an":[88],"VAE":[90],"designed":[91],"for":[92],"approach":[94],"that":[95],"can":[96],"visually":[97],"audit":[98],"classifier":[100],"applications.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}